前交叉韧带损伤康复的研究进展

发布时间：2018-10-19 12:21

【摘要】：前交叉韧带损伤是膝关节最常见运动损伤之一,手术治疗或者保守治疗后的康复对恢复膝关节稳定性及预防骨关节炎有重要意义。本文综述了国内外前交叉韧带损伤康复的大量研究结果。研究表明:前交叉韧带损伤后,大部分患者选择手术治疗;术前康复的介入有利于术后康复效果;术后康复方案的进程需要根据患者性别、职业、自身功能情况、合并的其他损伤、康复目标来制定;术后康复中,股四头肌的激活训练、双侧乆绳肌的平衡性训练、本体感觉训练、运动员的心理和认知重建等尤为重要,也是运动员重返赛场的必备因素;目前对于运动员重返赛场的标准评估还有待于进一步完善,包括身体功能、心理自信、认知功能等多个方面。
[Abstract]:Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury is one of the most common sports injuries of knee joint. The rehabilitation after surgical or conservative treatment is of great significance in restoring the stability of knee joint and preventing osteoarthritis. In this paper, a large number of research results on the rehabilitation of anterior cruciate ligament injury at home and abroad are reviewed. The results show that most of the patients choose surgical treatment after anterior cruciate ligament injury; the intervention of rehabilitation before operation is beneficial to the rehabilitation effect after operation; the process of postoperative rehabilitation needs to be based on the patient's gender, occupation, and function. Other combined injuries and rehabilitation goals were formulated. During postoperative rehabilitation, the training of activation of quadriceps femoris, the training of balance between the two sides of the hamstring muscle, the training of proprioceptive sensation, and the psychological and cognitive reconstruction of athletes are particularly important. It is also a necessary factor for athletes to return to the field. At present, the standard evaluation of athletes returning to the field still needs to be further improved, including physical function, psychological self-confidence, cognitive function and so on.
【作者单位】：北京体育大学运动康复系;
【分类号】：R873

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