儿童先天性胸廓畸形的MSCT诊断

发布时间：2018-11-08 15:52

【摘要】：目的 :探讨儿童先天性胸廓畸形的CT表现特征,提高对本病的认识。方法 :回顾性分析44例儿童胸廓畸形的CT原始图像,并对其进行容积再现(VR)、多平面重组(MPR)、表面遮盖显示(SSD)重建。结果:44例患儿共包括25例漏斗胸、6例鸡胸、9例Poland综合征、4例胸骨裂。25例漏斗胸患儿分为轻度7例、中度5例、重度13例,随凹陷程度的增加,心脏旋转角增加。6例鸡胸患儿均为对称性鸡胸。9例Poland综合征患儿中,累及右侧5例,左侧4例;全部病例胸壁肌肉缺如或不同程度的发育不良,全部患儿患侧胸廓均小于对侧,胸骨向患侧倾斜;3例患儿患侧乳芽缺如,6例患侧乳芽发育不良并低位;肋骨缺如或发育不良6例,肋软骨缺如或发育不良8例,高位肩胛2例,4例可见心脏向健侧移位或旋转。4例胸骨裂患儿中分为上段裂2例,下段裂2例。结论:胸廓畸形为儿童较常见的先天畸形,病变累及胸壁肌肉、骨骼、乳房等。MSCT是诊断此类畸形的最佳成像方法,可以对患儿的胸壁肌肉、骨骼、乳房、肺部、心脏及合并畸形进行一站式检查,对疾病进行分型并评估严重程度。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the CT features of congenital thoracic malformation in children. Methods: the original CT images of 44 children with thoracic deformity were analyzed retrospectively, and the volume reconstruction of (VR), multiplanar reconstructed (MPR), surface shaded display (SSD) was performed. Results: 44 cases included 25 cases of funnel chest, 6 cases of chicken chest, 9 cases of Poland syndrome and 4 cases of thoracic fracture. 25 cases of pectus excavatum were divided into mild 7 cases, moderate 5 cases, severe 13 cases. The heart rotation angle increased. 6 cases of chicken chest were symmetrical chicken thorax. In 9 cases of Poland syndrome, 5 cases were involved in right side and 4 cases in left side. In all cases, the chest wall muscles were absent or dysplasia in varying degrees, the chest of the affected side was smaller than that of the contralateral side, the sternum tilted to the affected side, the breast bud was absent in the affected side in 3 cases, and the development of the affected side was low in 6 cases. There were 6 cases of rib absence or dysplasia, 8 cases of costal cartilage deficiency or hypoplasia, 2 cases of high scapula, 4 cases of heart displacement or rotation to the contralateral direction. 4 cases of thoracoosseous fissure were divided into upper segment fissure (2 cases) and lower segment fissure (2 cases). Conclusion: thoracic malformation is the most common congenital malformation in children. MSCT is the best imaging method for the diagnosis of chest wall muscle, bone, breast and lung. One-stop examination of the heart and associated deformities, classification and severity of the disease.
【作者单位】：天津市儿童医院影像科;
【分类号】：R816.92;R726.5

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