不同颗粒密度人造草坪对足球运动员运动表现及损伤的影响

发布时间：2018-11-20 07:23

【摘要】：目的:揭示人造草坪不同颗粒填充密度对足球运动员侧切和起动动作表现的影响,并通过动作过程的生物力学数据分析可能的损伤危险。方法:13名男子足球运动员分别在3种不同颗粒密度的人造草坪上进行45°侧切和直线起动动作,采集运动学和动力学数据。结果:随着颗粒密度的增加,鞋与草坪交互面牵引力增大;侧切制动阶段地面反作用力峰值和加载率增大,地面反作用力首次峰值时刻的垂直、前、后分力增大,膝伸力矩增大,内收力矩和外展角度减小;蹬伸阶段地面反作用力分量增大;直线起动的重心加速度无显著差异。结论:鞋与人造草坪交互面的牵引力随填充颗粒的密度增加而增加;在常速助跑情况下,较大的交互面牵引力可以为侧切提供良好的制动能力和蹬伸推进力,但不会对直线起动的运动表现造成影响;交互面牵引力的增大会引起侧切制动阶段地面反作用力相关指标的增大,造成地面反作用力峰值时刻ACL损伤敏感指标的改变,导致更大的损伤风险。
[Abstract]:Objective: to reveal the effect of different filling density of artificial lawn particles on the performance of side cutting and starting of soccer players, and to analyze the possible injury risk through biomechanical data of the action process. Methods: 13 male footballers performed 45 掳side cutting and straight line starting on three artificial lawns with different particle densities. Kinematics and dynamics data were collected. Results: with the increase of particle density, the traction between the shoe and lawn increased. The peak value and loading rate of the ground reaction force increase in the side cutting braking stage, the first peak moment of the ground reaction force is vertical, the front and rear component force increases, the knee extension moment increases, and the adduction moment and the abduction angle decrease. The acceleration of center of gravity in linear starting has no significant difference. Conclusion: the tractive force of the interfacial surface of shoe and artificial lawn increases with the density of the filling particles. Under the condition of constant speed run-up, the larger interaction surface traction can provide good braking ability and push force for side cutting, but it will not affect the movement performance of straight line starting. The increase of the interaction surface traction force will cause the increase of the related indexes of the ground reaction force in the side cutting braking phase, which will cause the change of the ACL damage sensitive index at the peak time of the ground reaction force, and lead to a greater damage risk.
【作者单位】：北京体育大学;
【基金】：国家质量监督检验检疫总局质检公益性行业科研专项项目(201410284)
【分类号】：G843;R873

【共引文献】