乒乓球运动经验对动态信息识别过程影响的事件相关电位特点

发布时间：2019-01-30 11:01

【摘要】：目的:研究乒乓球运动员对动态图像信息的识别优势,探究其认知加工过程与普通大学生是否有差异,以及乒乓球运动员对静态词汇信息的判断是否会受其特质的影响。方法:选取动态图像识别任务和静态词汇判断任务,运用事件相关电位技术对19名乒乓球运动员和20名普通大学生完成两项任务时的认知加工过程进行研究。结果:(1)乒乓球运动员完成两任务时的反应时快于普通大学生;(2)乒乓球运动员在完成动态图像识别任务时的N1波幅显著大于普通大学生;(3)图像识别任务在顶、枕区诱发了显著的P2,乒乓球运动员的P2波幅显著小于普通大学生;两任务在额区诱发的P2成分,普通大学生的波幅小于乒乓球运动员的波幅;(4)乒乓球运动员在完成两任务时诱发的P3潜伏期显著短于普通大学生,在静态词汇判断任务中P3波幅显著大于普通大学生。结论:乒乓球运动员在完成动态图像识别任务时反应更快,其认知加工过程中中枢资源的分配方式更有利于其又快又好地完成任务;在完成静态词汇判断任务时会受到其自身特质的影响。
[Abstract]:Objective: to study the advantages of table tennis players in recognizing dynamic image information, and to explore whether the cognitive process of table tennis players is different from that of college students, and whether the judgment of table tennis players' static lexical information is affected by their characteristics. Methods: the task of dynamic image recognition and the task of static lexical judgment were used to study the cognitive process of 19 table tennis players and 20 ordinary college students when they completed two tasks. Results: (1) the reaction time of table tennis players was faster than that of college students when they completed the two tasks, (2) the N1 amplitude of table tennis players when they completed the task of dynamic image recognition was significantly higher than that of college students. (3) in the top and occipital region, the image recognition task induced a significant P2, the P2 amplitude of table tennis players was significantly lower than that of ordinary college students, and the amplitude of P2 components induced by the two tasks in the frontal area was smaller than that of table tennis players. (4) the latency of P3 induced by table tennis players was significantly shorter than that of college students when they completed the two tasks, and the amplitude of P3 in the static lexical judgment task was significantly higher than that of ordinary college students. Conclusion: table tennis players respond more quickly to the task of dynamic image recognition, and the allocation of central resources in the process of cognitive processing is more beneficial to them to complete the task quickly and well. The task of static lexical judgment is influenced by its own characteristics.
【作者单位】：上海体育学院;
【基金】：上海体育学院研究生教育创新基金(yjscx2014028)
【分类号】：R87

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