运动性疲劳、铜锌营养与自由基代谢的相互关系

发布时间：2018-01-02 15:46

本文关键词：运动性疲劳、铜锌营养与自由基代谢的相互关系　出处：《第四军医大学》2008年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 现代战争、军事训练和作业中,常常由于环境恶劣,长时间或超负荷的训练、施工,使得官兵的体力消耗和精神负担增加,同时休息不充分,极易产生运动性疲劳。运动性疲劳能直接影响部队的训练、作业乃至战斗力。运动性疲劳机理的研究其最终目的,是为解决疲劳的防护问题提供理论依据,故受到军事医学界的高度重视。剧烈的运动过程中自由基生成增多,损伤了多种细胞的正常机能是导致运动性疲劳的一种原因【1】。因此,我们推测抗氧化剂对运动性疲劳有防护作用。事实上越来越多的研究证明,服用抗氧化剂有助于提高机体运动能力,延缓运动性疲劳的产生【2】。微量元素铜、锌作为机体的必需微量元素,其中一个重要的生理作用是抗氧化。在运动医学领域,运动员经常服用一定剂量的微量元素铜、锌。另外,龚书明【3】等研究发现锌强化的茶叶具有很好的抗疲劳作用。但也有相当一部分研究显示补充微量元素铜、锌并不能提高机体运动能力【4-5】。目前,我们对机体运动,微量元素铜、锌营养,以及自由基的代谢之间的关系尚不清楚,因此,对是否服用一定量的铜、锌抗氧化、抗疲劳存在争议。阐明运动、铜、锌营养、机体氧自由基代谢三者的关系对解释微量元素铜、锌在抗疲劳中的作用及营养需要具有十分总要的现实意义。本研究采用10天递增负荷的游泳运动方式建立SD大鼠运动疲劳模型,观察大鼠机体抗氧化能力和氧化损伤情况,采用原子吸收光谱法测量实验组和对照组SD大鼠肝、肾、骨骼肌、血清铜、锌含量,采用分子生物学技术和原子吸收光谱法测量两组SD大鼠血清不同化学形态铜、锌含量,并分析两组SD大鼠机体铜、锌含量及相应形态含量变化与机体抗氧化能力和氧化损伤情况的相关性。本研究的主要结论如下: 1.运动性疲劳时SD大鼠体内微量元素铜、锌的分布发生变化:与正常大鼠相比,运动性疲劳大鼠肝组织和血清铜含量增加(P0.05),骨骼肌铜含量减少(P0.05),肾脏组织铜变化不明显(P0.05);运动性疲劳大鼠肝组织锌含量增加(P0.05),血清、骨骼肌锌含量减少(P0.05),肾脏组织锌变化不明显(P0.05)。 2.运动性疲劳时SD大鼠体内抗氧化能力下降:与正常大鼠相比,运动性疲劳大鼠肝、肾、骨骼肌、血清中超氧化物歧化酶活性明显下降(P0.05);体内氧化损伤增加,较正常大鼠,运动性疲劳大鼠肝、肾、血清中丙二醛含量增加(P0.05)。骨骼肌中丙二醛含量变化不明显(P0.05)。 3.SD大鼠体内微量元素铜、锌含量变化与其抗氧化能力有一定的相关性:肝脏中铜、锌含量增加,但其与肝脏抗氧化损伤能力相关性不明显(P0.05);血清锌含量减少与血清抗氧化能力呈明显正相关(P0.05),血清铜含量增加与血清抗氧化能力呈负相关(P0.05);骨骼肌铜、锌的含量减少与骨骼肌的抗氧化能力呈正相关(P0.05);肾脏铜、锌的含量无明显变化与铜、锌的抗氧化能力无明显相关性(P0.05)。 4.建立了血清铜、锌元素这两种化学形态的分离分析方法,并讨论了有关的实验条件。该方法铜、锌的检出限分别为9.84×10-3μg·ml-1、1.06×10-3 g·ml-1,相对标准偏差为0.34%～2.31%,回收率为95.0%～103.0%。结果显示该方法灵敏,准确,可靠,可以用于血清中铜、锌元素的形态测定。 5.运动性疲劳时SD大鼠血清微量元素铜、锌的化学形态分布变化与其抗氧化能力相关:疲劳大鼠血清中铜总量以及结合与非结合态含量均较正常大鼠增加(P0.05),血清中锌总量以及结合与非结合态的含量均较正常大鼠减少(P0.05)。血清中各种化学形态锌含量减少与其抗氧化能力呈正相关(P0.05),与此相反,血清中各种化学形态铜含量增加与其抗氧化能力呈负相关(P0.05)。综上所述,运动既可影响铜、锌代谢,又可影响自由基代谢,而铜、锌代谢则与自由基代谢关系密切。运动时机体微量元素铜、锌的分布不仅发生变化,它们的化学形态分布也发生变化,这些变化是机体对运动的反应,保证了运动时机体的能量代谢、物质准备,但这种分布的变化导致机体内铜、锌抗氧化的生物效应下降,致使运动时产生的大量自由机不能有效、及时被灭活,从而进一步对机体的运动能力和生理功能产生重大影响,即运动对自由基代谢的影响受到铜、锌等营养因素的制约,这可能是运动产生疲劳的原因之一。
[Abstract]:Modern warfare, military training and operations, often because of the bad environment, long time or overload training, construction, the consumption of physical and mental burden and increase, while the rest is not full, easy to produce fatigue. Fatigue can directly affect the training of troops, and the operation mechanism of sports combat. Fatigue is the ultimate aim is to provide theoretical basis for solving the problem of protection of fatigue, so be attaches great importance to the field of military medicine.
The increase of free radical movement in the violent generation, damage the normal function of cells is the result of a variety of reasons of sports fatigue [1]. Therefore, we hypothesized that antioxidants has a protective effect on sports fatigue. In fact, more and more studies have shown that antioxidants help to improve exercise capacity, delay production of [sports fatigue 2]. Trace elements copper, zinc as an essential trace element in the body, one of the important physiological role of antioxidant. In the field of sports medicine, trace elements copper, athletes often take a dose of zinc. In addition, Gong Shuming [3] found that zinc fortified tea has good anti fatigue effect. But there are also a considerable part of the study showed trace elements copper, zinc and can improve the ability of the body movement [4-5]. At present, our body movement, trace elements copper, zinc, to And the relationship between free radical metabolism is unclear, therefore, whether to take a certain amount of copper, zinc and antioxidant, anti fatigue. To clarify the controversial movement, copper, zinc, oxygen free radical metabolism in the body to explain the relationship between the three trace elements copper, zinc in anti fatigue effects and nutritional needs always have great practical significance.
This research adopts the mode of motion to swim 10 days incremental movement to establish the SD rat model of fatigue rats antioxidant capacity and oxidative damage, measured by atomic absorption spectrometry in experimental group and control group SD of rat liver, kidney, skeletal muscle, serum copper, zinc content, using molecular biological techniques and atomic absorption spectroscopic measurement in serum of two groups of SD rats of different chemical forms of copper, zinc content, and analysis of two groups of SD rats body copper, zinc content and the correlation between the corresponding morphological changes and content of antioxidant capacity and oxidative damage.
The main conclusions of this study are as follows:
1. exercise fatigue of SD rats in vivo trace elements copper, zinc distribution changes: compared with normal rats, increased exercise fatigue in rat liver tissue and serum copper content (P0.05), to reduce the copper content in skeletal muscle (P0.05), copper is not obvious changes of the kidney (P0.05); increase the zinc content of liver tissue of rats with exercise fatigue (P0.05), serum, reduce skeletal muscle zinc content (P0.05), kidney zinc did not change significantly (P0.05).
2. decline in exercise fatigue of SD rats in vivo antioxidant activity compared with normal rats, exercise fatigue of rat liver, kidney, skeletal muscle, serum superoxide dismutase (P0.05) activity decreased significantly; increase oxidative damage in vivo, compared with normal rats, exercise fatigue of rat liver, kidney, increased the content of MDA in serum (P0.05). The content of MDA in skeletal muscle did not change significantly (P0.05).
3.SD rat trace elements copper, there is a certain correlation between antioxidant capacity and zinc content in the liver: copper, zinc content increased, but the hepatic antioxidant capacity in rats with no obvious correlation (P0.05); serum zinc content decreased significantly positively correlated with serum antioxidant capacity (P0.05), serum copper content increased negatively correlation with serum antioxidant capacity (P0.05); skeletal muscle copper, associated with a decrease in the antioxidant capacity of skeletal muscle was zinc content (P0.05); kidney copper, zinc and copper content did not change significantly, there was no significant correlation between the antioxidant capacity of zinc (P0.05).
4. the serum copper, zinc separation of the two chemical speciation analysis method, and the experimental conditions are discussed. The method of copper, zinc detection limits were 9.84 * 10-3 g ml-1,1.06 * 10-3 g ml-1, the relative standard deviation is 0.34% ~ 2.31%, the recovery rate is 95% ~ 103.0%. the method is sensitive, accurate, reliable and can be used for determination of serum copper, zinc form.
5. exercise fatigue of trace elements in serum of SD rats of copper, zinc related chemical speciation and the change in antioxidant capacity: total serum copper and fatigue rats combined with non bound content were higher than normal rats increased (P0.05), total amount of zinc in serum and binding and non binding states were compared with normal. Rats decreased (P0.05). Various chemical forms of zinc content in serum was positively related with reduced antioxidant capacity (P0.05), on the contrary, various chemical forms of copper content in serum increased and antioxidant capacity was negatively correlated (P0.05).
In summary, sports could not only affect the metabolism of zinc, copper, and can affect the metabolism of free radical, and copper, zinc metabolism and free radical metabolism closely. Movement levels of trace elements copper, zinc distribution not only changes the chemical speciation of them also changes, these changes is the body's response to exercise. To ensure that the energy metabolism, the body movement of material preparation, but the change of the distribution of the body leading to copper, zinc decreased the biological effect of antioxidant, a large number of free movement of the machine which can not be effective, timely be inactivated, thus further exercise ability and physiological functions of the body have a significant impact, which affects metabolism the movement of free radicals by copper, zinc and other nutrient restriction factors, which may be one of the causes of exercise fatigue.

【学位授予单位】：第四军医大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：R82

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