高海拨环境下驻训军人心理健康水平的动态特征

发布时间：2018-04-06 06:38

本文选题：心理　切入点：军事人员　出处：《中国临床康复》2005年28期

【摘要】：目的:观察高海拔环境下驻训军人的心理健康变化特点。方法:于2003-05/07以由低海拔地区进入高海拔地区进行训练的某部队作为观察群体,随机抽取50名男性军人为观察对象,采用症状自评量表(含90个项目可概括为躯体化、强迫、人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑、攻击性、恐怖、偏执、精神病性9个因子。按严重程度分为1～5级评分,1从无,2轻度,3中度,4相当重,5严重)评定心理健康状况。在60d的时间内,以不同海拔高度、进入高原地区不同时间、不同军事作业阶段为变量条件,对心理健康进行连续的团体测评。根据现场条件,尽可能控制测试环境,使各次测评的条件基本一致。结果:50名军人均完成测试,但各海拨、各时间和各作业阶段上均有0～3份不等的废卷。①不同海拔之间,症状自评量表强迫、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、偏执、精神病性6个因子得分呈现显著性差异(P0.05),其余因子得分、总均分和阳性项目数均显示非常显著性差异(P0.01),从平原进入2620m的海拔高度时,症状自评量表各个因子分均明显升高,但随着海拔从2620m在升到3780m时,症状自评量表各因子分不但没升高,反而下降。此后,随着海拔升到4308m,症状自评量表各因子分又急剧上升。②进入高海拔环境不同时间之间,症状自评量表除焦虑、敌对、恐怖、精神病性4个因子和阳性项目数外,其余因子得分和总均分显示有显著性差异(P0.05),进入高海拔环境后1周时,症状自评量表各因子得分有明显升高,第2周略有下降,之后一直波动在这个水平上,到第6周出现明显下降。③不同军事作业阶段之间,症状自评量表强迫、敌对2个因子得分显示显著性差异(P0.05),其余因子得分、总均分和阳性项目数非常显著性差异(P0.01),从低海拔地区进入高海拔地区的机动阶段,症状自评量表各因子得分明显上升,途中机动到高原驻训阶段,症状自评量表各因子得分均维持在较高水平;从高海拔地区向低海拔地区机动过程中,症状自评量表各因子得分明显下降;回到低海拔驻地后,症状自评量表各因子得分又有所回升。结论:高海拔环境对军人心理健康产生明显影响,海拔高度、进入高海拔环境的时间和军事作业阶段是其重要的影响因素。
[Abstract]:Objective: to observe the changes of mental health of soldiers at high altitude.Methods: in July 2003, 50 male soldiers were randomly selected as observation group, and 90 items of symptom Checklist (SCL-90) were used as somatization, compulsion, somatization and obsessive-compulsion.Interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, aggression, phobia, paranoid, psychotic nine factors.According to the severity, the mental health status was assessed by the scores of grade 1 and grade 5.In the period of 60 days, with different altitude, different time and different period of military operation as variable conditions, the mental health was evaluated continuously.According to the field conditions, control the test environment as much as possible, so that the conditions of each evaluation are basically the same.Results all of the 50 military men completed the test, but there were 0 or 3 waste volumes at different elevations in every sea dial, every time and every operation stage. The symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90) compulsion, anxiety, hostility, terror, paranoid ideation,The scores of 6 factors of psychosis showed significant difference (P 0.05). The scores of other factors, the total average score and the number of positive items were significantly different (P 0.01). When the altitude from plain to 2620m, the scores of every factor of SCL-90 were significantly increased.However, with the elevation rising from 2620m to 3780m, the factors of SCL-90 did not increase, but decreased.After that, with the elevation of 4308 m, the scores of all factors of the symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90) increased sharply between different periods of time in the environment of high altitude. Besides anxiety, hostility, terror, psychosis and the number of positive items, the symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90) had four factors.The scores of the other factors and the total mean scores showed significant difference (P0.05A). After entering the high altitude environment, the scores of all the factors of the SCL-90 increased significantly, decreased slightly in the second week, and fluctuated at this level after 1 week of entering the high altitude environment.At the 6th week, there was a significant decrease of 3. 3 between the different stages of military operation. The scores of two hostile factors showed significant difference (P0.05), and the other factors were scored by the symptom Checklist (SCL-O), the scores of the other two factors showed significant difference.There was a significant difference between the total mean score and the number of positive items (P 0.01). From the low altitude area to the high altitude area, the scores of all the factors of the symptom Checklist increased obviously, and the moving to the plateau training stage on the way.The scores of all the factors of the SCL-90 were maintained at a high level, and the scores of each factor of the SCL-90 decreased significantly during the maneuver from the high-altitude area to the low-altitude area, and after returning to the low-altitude area,The scores of all the factors in the symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90) were also increased.Conclusion: the high altitude environment has a significant effect on the mental health of military personnel, and the altitude, the time to enter the high altitude environment and the military operation stage are the important influencing factors.
【作者单位】：解放军第三军医大学护理系心理学教研室解放军第三军医大学护理系心理学教研室解放军第三军医大学护理系心理学教研室解放军第三军医大学护理系心理学教研室解放军第三军医大学护理系心理学教研室
【基金】：全军“十五”重点指令性课题(01L072)~~
【分类号】：R82

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