深海实潜中下潜人员的心率变异性研究

发布时间：2018-05-10 08:24

本文选题：潜航员 + 工作负荷　；参考：《航天医学与医学工程》2017年04期

【摘要】：目的研究深海实潜作业中交感-迷走神经对下潜人员心脏功能的调控作用,为评价潜航员工作负荷提供参考。方法 2名潜航员和3名技术人员(作为乘员)参加实验。每次潜航为1名潜航员操作"蛟龙号"携带1名乘员(技术支持)进行实潜作业,持续时间约11 h。记录他们在潜航前和潜航作业全程的心电图,提取R-R间期,计算心率,并对心率变异性(heart rate variability,HRV)的时域和频域指标进行计算和分析。结果下潜人员的心率都在1 h达到最大并逐渐下降,其中潜航员的心率在1 h~6 h显著高于对照水平(P0.05或P0.01),乘员的心率在1 h~4 h显著高于对照水平(P0.05或P0.01),之后均恢复到对照水平。相比于对照值,在1 h,10 h,11 h,潜航员的LF/HF升高,HF/TP降低(P0.01);乘员的SDNN在8 h、9 h和11 h显著高于对照水平(P0.01)。结论在下潜和上浮阶段,潜航员的交感神经活性升高、迷走神经活性降低,可能与这两个阶段潜航员的工作负荷较高有关。在下潜阶段下潜人员心率的显著升高提示可能存在精神紧张和应激反应。潜航过程中,潜航员的心率逐渐稳定,交感神经兴奋仍有出现,提示在评价潜航员工作负荷时,HRV可能是比心率更敏感的指标。
[Abstract]:Objective to study the effect of sympathetic vagus nerve on heart function in deep-sea submersible workers, and to provide a reference for evaluating the workload of submersible crew. Methods two submersible crew and three technicians (as crew) participated in the experiment. Each submersible is operated by a submersible crew carrying 1 crew member (technical support) for 11 hours. Electrocardiogram (ECG) was recorded before and after submersible operation, R-R interval was extracted, heart rate was calculated, and time-domain and frequency-domain indexes of heart rate variability (HRV) were calculated and analyzed. Results the heart rate of the submersible reached the maximum at 1 h and gradually decreased. The heart rate of the submersible at 1 h or 6 h was significantly higher than that of the control level (P0.05 or P0.01), and the heart rate of the crew at 1 h or 4 h was significantly higher than that of the control level (P0.05 or P0.01), and then returned to the control level. Compared with the control, the LF/HF of the submersible crew increased at 10 h and 11 h, and the SDNN of the crew was significantly higher than that of the control at 8 h, 9 h and 11 h, and the SDNN of the crew was significantly higher than that of the control level at 9 h and 11 h. Conclusion the sympathetic nerve activity and vagal nerve activity of the submersible crew increased and the vagal nerve activity decreased in both submersible and buoyant stages, which may be related to the higher workload of the submersible pilots in these two stages. The significant increase of heart rate in the submersible indicates that there may be stress and stress reaction. During the process of submersible, the heart rate of the submersible crew gradually stabilized, and sympathetic nerve excitement still appeared, which suggested that HRV might be a more sensitive index than the heart rate in evaluating the workload of the submersible crew.
【作者单位】：上海交通大学船舶海洋与建筑工程学院;上海交通大学—千叶大学国际合作研究中心;上海交通大学海洋水下工程科学研究院;中国大洋矿产资源研究开发协会;国家深海基地管理中心;
【基金】：上海市自然科学基金资助项目(12ZR1415300) 国家国际科技合作专项项目(2012DFA20970) 海洋公益性行业科研专项经费项目(201205035-11)
【分类号】：R84

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