模拟微重力下秀丽隐杆线虫的力学感知和肌萎缩的发生机制——太空飞行线虫试验地面平行对照研究部分

发布时间：2018-06-18 12:54

本文选题：秀丽隐杆线虫 + 抗肌萎缩蛋白基因　；参考：《生物化学与生物物理进展》2008年11期

【摘要】：目前,微重力导致肌萎缩的分子机制尚不清楚,重力感知是该事件发生的关键环节.为了回答这一问题,在此之前首先实施了太空线虫试验,这部分结果已经在本刊报道过.而本次研究主要是在地面上建立了模拟微重力环境,观察处理后秀丽隐杆线虫(C.elegans)体壁肌细胞结构和功能的变化,一方面用于验证太空试验,同时比较两种处理结果的异同,以便于评价地面模拟微重力的有效性.经过14天19.5h旋转模拟微重力处理后,对线虫生存率和运动能力进行了观察,并检测了几个重要的肌相关基因表达和蛋白质水平.模拟微重力下线虫生存率没有明显变化,但运动频率显著下降,爬行轨迹也发生了轻微改变,运动幅度降低,提示线虫运动功能出现障碍.从形态学上观察发现:肌球蛋白A(myosinA)免疫荧光染色显示模拟微重力组肌纤维面积缩小,而肌细胞致密体(dense-body)染色可见荧光亮度下降.这些结果直接提示模拟微重力使线虫出现了肌萎缩.随后Western blotting试验结果揭示,模拟微重力组线虫体壁肌的主要结构蛋白——myosinA含量减少,进一步确证了微重力性肌萎缩发生.在基因水平,旋转后抗肌萎缩蛋白基因(dys-1)表达明显上升,而hlh-1,unc-54,myo-3和egl-19的mRNA水平均下调,提示dys-1在骨骼肌感知和传导力学信息方面有重要作用,而hlh-1,unc-54,myo-3和egl-19则分别从结构和功能两个途径促进了微重力性肌萎缩的发生和发展.本次试验所得到的结果同太空飞行试验结果十分相似,一方面强化了太空试验结论,另一方面说明在地面上模拟微重力对生物体进行研究是有效可行的,将有助于提高太空试验的质量.
[Abstract]:At present, the molecular mechanism of muscle atrophy caused by microgravity is not clear. Gravity perception is the key to this event. To answer this question, a space nematode test was first carried out, and some of the results were reported in the journal. The main purpose of this study was to establish a simulated microgravity environment on the ground and observe the changes in the structure and function of the muscle cells in the body wall of C. elegans after treatment. On the one hand, it was used to verify the space experiment, while the similarities and differences between the two treatments were compared. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of ground simulation microgravity. The survival rate and motor ability of nematode were observed after 14 days and 19.5h rotating simulated microgravity treatment, and several important muscle-related genes and protein levels were detected. Under simulated microgravity, the survival rate of nematodes did not change obviously, but the frequency of movement decreased significantly, the crawling track changed slightly, and the amplitude of movement decreased, which indicated that the movement function of nematodes was impaired. Morphologically, it was found that myosin A (myosin A) immunofluorescence staining showed that the area of muscle fibers in the simulated microgravity group was reduced, while the fluorescence brightness was decreased in the dense-body staining of muscle cells. These results directly suggest that simulated microgravity causes muscle atrophy of nematodes. The results of Western blotting test showed that the content of myosin A, the main structural protein of nematodes, was decreased in the simulated microgravity group, which confirmed the occurrence of microgravity muscle atrophy. At the gene level, the expression of dystrophin gene (dys-1) increased after rotation, while the mRNA levels of hlh-1nunc-54 myo-3 and egl-19 were down-regulated, suggesting that dys-1 plays an important role in the perception and conduction of mechanical information in skeletal muscle. On the other hand, hlh-1 unc-54 myo-3 and egl-19 promoted the occurrence and development of microgravity muscle atrophy by structural and functional approaches, respectively. The results of this experiment are very similar to those of the space flight test. On the one hand, they strengthen the conclusion of the space test, and on the other hand, it shows that it is effective and feasible to study organisms on the ground by simulating microgravity. It will help to improve the quality of space experiments.
【作者单位】：北京航空航天大学生物工程系;CGMC CNRS-UMR
【基金】：国家自然科学基金资助项目(10672013)~~
【分类号】：R85

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