冲击波致伤及其建立防护机制的实验研究

发布时间：2019-03-21 13:46

【摘要】：目的:探讨冲击波致伤及爆炸性武器破片防护作用中战壕的意义。方法:实验动物为山羊26只,其中战壕组12只,开阔地组14只,分别布放于距爆心10m和15m的战壕及开阔地,某型炸弹置于地面,用电雷管引爆,先后共进行3次,观察伤后18h动物的活存情况,体表和内脏损伤情况。结果:战壕组距爆心10m的活存率为1/5,距爆心15m的活存率为7/7,而开阔地组距爆心10m的活存率为0/5,距爆心15m的活存率为1/9;战壕组均未被破片击中,而开阔地组均被破片击中;战壕组距爆心10m的动物可见严重的冲击伤,主要表现为严重的肺出血和肺水肿,而距爆心15m的战壕仅个别动物有轻、中度肺出血,开阔地组动物可因破片和冲击波的作用,引起严重的体表和内脏损伤,表现为肢体毁损、胸腹腔开放伤、肢体离断骨折、内脏器官破裂缺损等。结论:战壕可有效防止爆炸性武器破片引起的损伤,对距爆心一定距离的冲击波致伤也有较好的防护效果。
[Abstract]:Objective: to explore the significance of trenches in shock wave injury and explosive weapon fragmentation protection. Methods: twenty-six goats were divided into trench group (n = 12) and open field group (n = 14), which were placed in trenches and open areas 10 m and 15 m from the center of explosion, respectively. Some type of bomb was placed on the ground and detonated with electric detonator, which was carried out three times in total. The survival, body surface and visceral injury were observed at 18 h after injury. Results: the survival rate of the trench group was 1 ~ 5 m from the center of explosion, the survival rate of the distance of 15 m from the center of explosion was 7 ~ 7, while the survival rate of the group of open field was 0 ~ 5 m from the center of explosion, and the survival rate of the distance of 15 m from the center of explosion was 1 ~ 9. The survival rate of the group was 10 m away from the center of explosion. The trench groups were not hit by fragments, while the open field groups were hit by fragments. In the trench group, severe blast injuries could be seen in animals 10 m away from the blast center, mainly showing severe pulmonary hemorrhage and pulmonary edema, while only a few animals in the trenches 15m from the blasting heart had mild to moderate pulmonary hemorrhage, and the animals in the open group could be affected by fragments and shock waves. Severe body surface and visceral injury, such as limb damage, open thoraco-abdominal injury, severed limb fracture, internal organ rupture and defect, etc. Conclusion: trenches can effectively prevent the damage caused by explosive weapon fragments and have a good protective effect on blast wave injury at a certain distance from the explosive center.
【作者单位】：解放军第三军医大学大坪医院野战外科研究所四室解放军第三军医大学大坪医院野战外科研究所四室解放军第三军医大学大坪医院野战外科研究所四室解放军第三军医大学大坪医院野战外科研究所四室解放军第三军医大学大坪医院野战外科研究所四室解放军第三军医大学大坪医院野战外科研究所四室解放军第三军医大学大坪医院野战外科研究所四室解放军第三军医大学大坪医院野战外科研究所四室解放军第三军医大学大坪医院野战外科研究所四室
【基金】：军队“九五”指令性课题(96L040)~~
【分类号】：R826

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