荔枝核化学成分研究

发布时间：2020-06-08 01:49

【摘要】：荔枝(Litchi chinensis Sonn.)为无患子科(Sapindaceae)荔枝属植物,属于热带、亚热带地区常绿乔木,主要分布在我国广东、福建地区。荔枝核是荔枝干燥成熟的种子,又名荔仁、大荔核,性温,味甘、微苦,归肝、肾经。中医认为荔枝核具有行血散结、祛寒止痛的功效,主治寒疝腹痛、睾丸肿痛。现代研究表明,荔枝核的化学成分主要包括黄酮类、三萜、甾醇、木脂素、倍半萜等,具有抗肿瘤、抗氧化、抗乙肝病毒、调节血糖血脂等多种功效。本论文综合利用多种色谱学分离纯化方法和多种波谱学鉴定技术,从荔枝核70%乙醇提取物的乙酸乙酯萃取层中共分离纯化并鉴定得到52个化合物,分别为茉莉酮酸甲酯衍生物:(-)-(1R,2R,2′Z)-2-[5′-(acetyloxy)-2-penten-1-yl]-3-oxo-cyclopentaneacetic acid methyl ester(1*),(-)-(1R,2R,2′Z)-2-(5-methoxy-5-oxo-2-penten-1-yl)-3-oxo-cyclopentaneacetic acid methyl ester(2*),(+)-(1R,2R,3R,2′E)-3-hydroxy-2-(5-methoxy-5-oxo-2-penten-1-yl)-cyclopenta neacetic acid methyl ester(3*),(-)-(1R,2R,2′Z)-methyl-2-(5′-hydroxy-pent-2′-enyl)-3-oxocyclopentaneacetate(4),黄酮类:catechin(5),epicatechin(6),naringenin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(7),pinocembrin 7-O-rutinoside(8),naringenin-7-O-rutinoside(9),quercetin(10),quercetin3-O-β-D-glucopiranoside(11),quercetin-3-O-β-D-xylopyranoside(12),quercetin 3-O-β-D-galactoside(13),quercetin 3-O-β-D-rhamnoside(14),isovitexin(15),phloretin(16),phloretin rutinoside(17),2α,3α-epoxy-5,7,3′,4′-tetrahydroxyflavan-(4β-8)-epicatechin(18),2α,3α-epoxy-5,7,3′,4′-tetrahydroxyflavan-(4β-8-catechin)(19),2β,3β-epoxy-5,7,3′,4′-tetrahydroxyflavan-(4α-8-epicatechin)(20),amentoflavone(21),木脂素类:(+)-(8S,7′S,8′S)-burselignan-9′-O-α-L-arabinoside(22*),(7R,8S)-3,5′-dimethoxy-4′,7-epoxy-8,3′-neolignane-5,9,9′-triol(23),(7R,8S)-dihydrodehydrodiconiferyl alchol 9′-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(24),酚酸类:protocatechuic acid(25),4-hydroxybenzoic acid(26),protocatechuic acid methyl ester(27),ethyl-3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid(28),3-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzoic acid(29),p-hydroxy benzeneacetate(30),methyl p-hydroxymandelate(31),p-hydroxymandelic acid(32),p-hydroxyphenylpropionic methyl ester(33),O-methyl-2-hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxy)-phenylpropionate(34),(E)-p-hydroxycinnamic acid(35),(E)ethyl p-hydroxycinnamate(36),methyl5-O-p-coumaroylquinic acid(37),methyl 4-O-p-coumaroylquinic acid(38),ethyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate(39),三萜:lupeol(40),arjunglucoside I(41),甾醇及其他类:stigmasterol(42),3β-hydroxy-7α-methoxy-24β-ethyl-cholest-5-ene(43),4-hydroxy-5-(9′-oxo-8′-pyrrolidinyl)-benzoic acid(44),1-pyrrolidineacetic methyl ester(45),phenylalanine methyl ester(46),2-hydroxyquinoline-4-carboxyic acid(47),pumilaside A(48),3,4-dihydroxy-yclohexanecarboxylic acid-methyl ester(49),1-methyl ester,butanedioic acid(50),1,1-cyclopropanediacetic acid,1-methyl ester(51),cyclopropaneacetic acid,2-(methoxycarbonyl)(52)。其中,茉莉酮酸甲酯衍生物4个(1-4),黄酮类17个(5-21),木脂素类3个(22-24),酚酸类15个(25-39),三萜2个(40,41),甾醇2个(42,43),其他类9个(44-52),化合物1-3、22为4个新化合物。同时,对各萃取层和化合物1-4,22进行了体外抗炎活性和抗肿瘤活性的测试,对各萃取层和化合物1-22进行体外抗氧化活性的测试。结果表明,化合物2(IC50 61.25±3.25μM)和3(IC50 43.56±2.17μM)显示了较强的抗炎活性;化合物2(IC50 76.01±1.08μM)对HL-60肿瘤细胞显示了较强的抑制活性;5、6、10-12、18-20、22在DPPH法、PMS/NADH-NB法和FRAP法等三种抗氧化能力测试方法中均表现出显著的体外抗氧化活性。
【学位授予单位】：广东药科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2018
【分类号】：R284.1

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