李约瑟眼中的中西医文化

发布时间:2021-10-23 03:11
  医学卷是李约瑟所著《中国科学技术史》的第六卷。本文旨在回答以下问题:在李约瑟的现代医学标准下,医学卷的文化局限性体现在哪些方面?通过详细的文本分析,一方面,本文揭示了李约瑟在结构布局方面的个人偏好:他选择卫生、防疫和法医作为陈述中医的主线。在分支内容中,他在炼金术上施以浓墨重彩,却在中草药和巫医方面一笔带过。另一方面,本文指出李约瑟在理解中医文化上的三个错误。首先,他混淆了中医文化中的核心概念——五行和希腊文化中的四元素。其次,他在疾病和证(疾病的本质)这两个概念上,分别赋予了颇有争议的客观性和模糊性。最后,他没有认识到中医治疗急性病逊于西医这个理念其实是社会构建而成的。本文引入科学知识社会学方法论来分析李约瑟对史实筛选和文化误读的原因。科学知识社会学对科学进行社会行为研究,矛头直指现代科学知识的客观性。本文对该理论中的范式转变、科学多样性和社会建构三个方面进行着重阐述,并以此反驳李约瑟的现代医学标准。虽然李约瑟不赞成韦伯思想中根深蒂固的欧洲中心主义,他仍屈服在现代科学的绝对权威之下。李约瑟套用西医标准来评判中医,势必无法抓住中医文化的本质和美。 

【文章来源】:广东外语外贸大学广东省

【文章页数】:56 页

【学位级别】:硕士

【文章目录】:
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Abstract
摘要
CONTENTS
CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION
    1.1 Introduction of Joseph Needham
    1.2 Contribution of Science and Civilization in China
    1.3 General Idea of Volume Six Medicine
    1.4 Reason for Researching the Volume of Medicine
    1.5 Previous Researches on Joseph Needham
    1.6 Research Question and Contribution of This Thesis
    1.7 Design and Distribution of the Content
CHAPTER TWO METHODOLOGY OF SOCIOLOGY OF SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE
    2.1 Sociology of Scientific Knowledge in Conflict with Needham's Concept
    2.2 Needham's Perspectives on Oriental Study
    2.3 Marx and Weber's Influence on Joseph Needham
    2.4 Needham's Refusal of Euro-centrism
    2.5 Needham's Criterion of Modern Science
    2.6 Paradigm Shifts in SSK
    2.7 Diversity of science in SSK
    2.8 Social Construction in SSK
CHAPTER THREE NEEDHAM'S STRUCTURAL PREFERENCE
    3.1 Selection of Mainline to Illustrate Chinese Medical History
    3.2 Overlooked Herbal Medicine
    3.3 Over-emphasized Alchemic Culture
    3.4 Parrying Magico-religious Culture
CHAPTER FOUR NEEDHAM'S CULTURAL FALLACIES
    4.1 Wu Xing versus Six Diseases
    4.2 “Vagueness” of Zheng versus “Objectivity” of Disease
    4.3 Social Construction of Chinese Medicine's Inferiority in Curing Acute Disease
CHAPTER FIVE CONCLUSION
WORKS CITED
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