死亡问题的哲学之思

发布时间：2018-01-16 03:26

本文关键词：死亡问题的哲学之思　出处：《东北师范大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

更多相关文章： 死亡恐惧 信仰 人生态度 超越 终极关怀

【摘要】：死亡与我们每一个人密切相关,死亡问题的产生和发展伴随着人类历史。从哲学上说,我们研究死亡问题,就是研究生命问题,死亡内在于生命本质。“生”与“死”作为生命的两个基本内容,共同组成了全部生命活动。对死亡问题的研究,强调的是从死亡的理解中觉悟人生,使我们有限的生命获得无限的价值。在这一意义上,思考死亡的目的就是解决人对自身生存意义的终极关怀问题。我们对死亡的理解和态度可以从不同的角度展开,包括日常经验、宗教、科学、哲学等等。从日常经验出发,我们会发现,常人对死亡必然性的认识与恐惧往往在经历他人之死的体验中逐渐加深,并常常通过日常生活的“沉沦”对死亡采取“遮蔽”的态度。宗教建立在对死亡恐惧的基础之上,通过信仰抚慰人们的心灵,使个体超越对生的执著和死的恐惧,但是宗教归根结底是人们对美好生活的幻想。科学以其理性的眼光分析死亡,将死亡看作永恒的灭亡,这样纯然理性的理解难免会导致人的精神无所归依。哲学对于死亡的思考,主要是通过理解死亡来觉解人生,不同哲学家、不同哲学派别对死亡的认识实际上代表着他们各自的人生态度。从古至今,哲学家们对死亡问题从各个角度进行了深入地探索,为我们思考人生提供了重要的思想启迪。以实践为基础的马克思哲学通过人性观和哲学观的变革,真正实现了对以往死亡观的超越。
[Abstract]:Death is closely related to every one of us. The birth and development of death is accompanied by human history. Philosophically speaking, we study the question of death is to study the question of life. Death lies in the essence of life. As two basic contents of life, "life" and "death" constitute all life activities together. The study of death emphasizes the realization of life from the understanding of death. To give our limited lives unlimited value. In this sense. The purpose of thinking about death is to solve the ultimate concern for the meaning of one's own existence. Our understanding and attitude to death can be carried out from different angles, including daily experience, religion, science. Philosophy and so on. From our daily experience, we will find that ordinary people's understanding and fear of the inevitability of death tend to deepen in the experience of the death of others. Religion is based on fear of death and comforts people through faith. The individual transcends the attachment to life and the fear of death, but religion is, in the final analysis, a fantasy of a better life. Science analyzes death with its rational eyes, and regards death as eternal destruction. Such a pure and rational understanding will inevitably lead to the spiritual infirmity of human beings. The philosophical thinking of death is mainly through understanding death to understand life, different philosophers. The understanding of death by different philosophical schools actually represents their own attitudes towards life. From ancient times to the present, philosophers have deeply explored the question of death from various angles. Marx's philosophy based on practice, through the transformation of the view of human nature and philosophy, has really achieved the transcendence of the past view of death.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：B038

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