伏羲、神农、黄帝纳入儒家道统谱系的由来、变迁及其原因

发布时间：2018-02-08 09:02

本文关键词： 伏羲神农黄帝道统思孟学派韩愈二程朱熹　出处：《中国哲学史》2017年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：在先秦,以尧舜为首的道统谱系始于孔子,为子思、孟子所继承,而以伏羲为首的谱系始于《易传》,为荀子所继承。虽然这两种谱系在历史上都产生了重要影响,但主张后者的儒士占绝大多数。从董仲舒至孔颖达期间的儒士,虽然他们所建构的道统谱系并不完全一致,然而他们的谱系则与孔子、子思和孟子有较大不同,皆由尧舜往上进一步追溯。面对佛教的挑战,韩愈、柳开基本上继承了思孟学派的观点并皆以道统继承者自居。然而朱熹则吸收了李翱、张载、二程等人的思想,在《〈大学〉、〈中庸〉章句序》中把道统谱系溯及伏羲、神农、黄帝并把子思、孟子作为道统的重要传承者。显然,这是对思孟学派道统谱系的发展,以此回应佛教的挑战,而且随着程朱理学成为官学,从而使这一谱系成为中国传统社会后期的稳定模式。
[Abstract]:In the Pre-Qin Dynasty, the Taoist genealogy led by Yao and Shun began with Confucius, and was inherited by Mencius, while the genealogy led by Fuxi began with Yi Zhuan and was inherited by Xunzi. Although these two genealogy have had an important influence in history, During the period from Dong Zhongshu to Kong Yingda, although the Taoist genealogy they constructed was not completely identical, their genealogy was quite different from that of Confucius, Zi Si and Mencius. Han Yu and Liu Kai basically inherited the views of the Simeng School and regarded themselves as inheritors of the Taoism. However, Zhu Xi absorbed the ideas of Li ao, Zhang Zai, and Ercheng, and so on. In "University", "the Golden mean", the genealogy of Taoism is traced back to Fuxi, Shennong, Huangdi and Zi Si, and Mencius is regarded as an important inheritor of Taoism. Obviously, this is the development of Taoist genealogy of Simeng School in response to the challenge of Buddhism. And with the formation of Neo-Confucianism as an official school, this pedigree became a stable model in the later period of Chinese traditional society.
【作者单位】：西南石油大学马克思主义学院哲学研究所;
【基金】：国家社科基金一般项目“两宋《中庸》学及其现代价值研究”(15BZX061),国家社科基金项目“中国‘四书’学史”(13ZD060) 中国博士后科学基金特别资助项目“北宋《四书》学及其现代价值研究”(2016T90867)
【分类号】：B222

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