先秦儒家“内圣外王之道”政治哲学思想研究

发布时间：2018-03-06 02:02

本文选题：先秦儒家　切入点：内圣外王之道　出处：《江苏师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：先秦儒家“内圣外王之道”政治哲学思想经历了一个漫长的发展过程,由开始的礼乐教化到仁政王道再到后来的礼法并重,这充分凸显了儒家政治哲学思想由片面走向完善,由理想走向现实,由理论走向实践的发展历程。“内圣外王之道”的哲学思想虽由庄子提出,但却全面而深刻地概括了先秦儒家政治哲学思想的核心与实质。先秦儒家“内圣外王之道”政治哲学思想的形成原因:经济上,奴隶制经济向封建制经济快速转型;政治上,礼崩乐坏,封建宗法制逐渐失去了控制社会政治的力量;思想文化上,继承和发展了周朝礼乐制度和“修德配命”的政治思想;最后,孔子、孟子以及荀子等先秦儒家学者曲折的政治经历和生活经历也对其思想的形成产生了深刻的影响。先秦儒家“内圣外王之道”政治哲学思想是由孔子奠基和开创,由孟子、荀子继承、发展和完善。先秦儒家“内圣外王之道”政治哲学思想的理论基础是“人性论”,主要内容是“明德尚礼”、“修己安人”、“隆礼重法”等;其思想实质是一种由内而外、内外兼治的政治治理逻辑;其思想的基本特征体现出了个体价值与社会价值的统一、道德修养与政治治理的统一以及知与行和体与用的统一。先秦儒家“内圣外王之道”政治哲学思想自产生之后,对中华民族两千多年来的政治、思想、文化都产生了深远的影响:汉朝武帝提出“罢黜百家,独尊儒术”对先秦儒家“外王之道”进行了发展;宋明理学提出义理、心性问题对先秦儒家“内圣之道”进行了发展,以及后来清初“经世致用”发展期、清末“中体西用”发展期和现代“返本开新”发展期。新世纪的今天对先秦儒家“内圣外王之道”政治哲学思想的研究有利于当代人的道德修养和人格完善,有利于当代教育理念的完善,更有利于当代社会治理体系的完善。
[Abstract]:The political philosophy thought of "inside, saintly and outside king" experienced a long process of development before Qin Dynasty, from the beginning of etiquette and music education to benevolence and politics, then to the later ceremony and law, which fully highlighted the Confucian political philosophy from one-sided to perfect. From ideal to reality, from theory to practice. However, it comprehensively and profoundly summarizes the core and essence of the political philosophy thought of the pre-Qin Confucianists. The reasons for the formation of the political philosophy thought of the pre-Qin Confucianism "the way of the inside, the outside king" are as follows: in economy, the slavery economy has been rapidly transformed into the feudal economy; in politics, The feudal patriarchal system gradually lost the power to control the society and politics. In ideology and culture, it inherited and developed the political thought of the ritual and music system of Zhou Dynasty and the political thought of "repairing morality and life". Finally, Confucius, Mencius and Xunzi and other pre-Qin Confucian scholars' tortuous political experience and life experience also had a profound influence on the formation of his thought. Xunzi inherits, develops and consummates. The theoretical basis of the political philosophy thought of "the way of Internal Saints and external Kings" of Pre-Qin Confucianism is "the Theory of Human Nature", the main contents are "Ming de Shangli", "cultivate oneself and comfort people", "Longli heavy Law" and so on, its thought essence is from inside to outside, The basic characteristics of its thought reflect the unity of individual value and social value. The unity of moral cultivation and political governance, and the unity of knowledge, action, body and use. After the emergence of the political philosophy thought of "the way of the inner, holy and external king" of the pre-Qin Confucianists, the political and ideological ideas of the Chinese nation for more than 2,000 years, Culture has had a profound influence: emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty proposed "ousting 100 schools, respecting Confucianism alone" to develop the pre-Qin Confucianism "the way of the outside king"; Song Ming's Neo-Confucianism put forward the principle of righteousness, the mind and nature of the pre-Qin Confucian "the way of the inner saint" developed, And later in the early Qing Dynasty, during the development period of "applying the world to the world", In the late Qing Dynasty, the development period of "the Chinese and the West" and the development period of the modern "returning to the original and opening up the new". Today in the new century, the study of the political philosophy thought of "the way of the inner, the holy and the outside" of the pre-Qin Confucianists is beneficial to the moral cultivation and personality perfection of the contemporary people. It is beneficial to the perfection of contemporary educational concept and the perfection of contemporary social governance system.
【学位授予单位】：江苏师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B222;D0

【相似文献】