詹姆士真理观及其评价

发布时间：2018-03-15 06:21

本文选题：实用主义　切入点：詹姆士　出处：《太原科技大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：詹姆士是实用主义的主要代表人物之一,他对真理观有着独特的见解,其真理观亦是其哲学的核心理念。詹姆士所诠释的实用主义真理观及其意义有别于西方传统的逻各斯中心主义真理观,他强调真理的主观性,且否认传统真理观所坚持的主观一定要符合客观的基础原则。詹姆士真理观的思想来源于一些哲学家的思想观点。培根的“知识就是力量”。培根认为知识能够转化为生产力、创造财富,满足人们的需求。边沁的功利主义。边沁认为功利原理是指看它是否可以给相关利益者带来幸福。尼采的“权力意志”。尼采认为生命就是权力意志;权力意志是构建真理的最高标准。皮尔士认为人们所信仰的真理,能够带给大家满意的效果。詹姆士真理观的具有一定的逻辑,他认为真理是有用的;真理是一种利益;真理是一种信仰;真理是一种方法;真理的评判标准是效果。真理的主观性意味着主体依照自己主观意愿去构建真理,真理不再是一种客观事实,而是一种方法论,一种可以依照主体利益去构建,并且维护该利益的手段与方法,真理成为了一种有用的工具。工具性真理对主体的功用性决定了主体在心里层面的认知,主体认为这种功用性真理是好的,是善的。这无疑就是实用主义者的信仰。这种功用性主观真理的评判标准与构建标准就是其对主体的效用。詹姆士真理观既有合理性又有局限性。这种实用主义真理观对作用和效果的主观坚持,能够保证主体的利益,以及坚定主体坚持和维护真理的意愿与决心。本文系统性地梳理了詹姆士真理观的思想来源和基本内容,指出真理是主体为了自身目的而主观构建的一种功用性方法,且可以用效用的标准来评判、塑造、修正。这种以主观构造为基础的真理观有其合理的一面,也有一定的局限性。
[Abstract]:James is one of the main representatives of pragmatism, he has a unique view of truth. James's pragmatic truth and its significance are different from the western traditional logos. He emphasizes the subjectivity of truth. And it denies that the subjective view of truth must conform to the objective basic principle. James's idea of truth comes from the ideas of some philosophers. Bacon's "knowledge is power." Bacon believes that knowledge can be transformed into productivity. Bentham's utilitarianism refers to whether it can bring happiness to the stakeholders. Nietzsche's "will to power", Nietzsche believes that life is the will of power; The will of power is the highest standard for the construction of truth. Peters believes that the truth people believe in can bring people satisfactory results. James's view of truth has certain logic, he thinks that truth is useful, truth is a kind of benefit; Truth is a belief; truth is a method; truth is judged by effect. The subjectivity of truth means that the subject constructs truth according to his own subjective will. Truth is no longer an objective fact, but a methodology. A means and method that can be constructed according to the interest of the subject and which can safeguard the interest of the subject. Truth has become a useful tool. The utility of the instrumental truth to the subject determines the cognition of the subject at the mental level. The subject thinks that this kind of functional truth is good, This is undoubtedly the belief of pragmatists. The criterion of judging and constructing this kind of functional subjective truth is its utility to the subject. James' view of truth has both rationality and limitation. This pragmatism is a kind of pragmatism. The subjective insistence of truth on action and effect, It can ensure the interest of the subject, as well as the will and determination of the subject to uphold and maintain the truth. This paper systematically combs the ideological source and basic content of James's view of truth. It is pointed out that truth is a kind of functional method which is constructed subjectively by the subject for its own purpose, and can be judged, molded and revised by the criterion of utility.
【学位授予单位】：太原科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B023.3

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