马克思的唯物史观关于存在论问题的超越性贡献

发布时间：2018-03-21 22:00

本文选题：存在　切入点：实践　出处：《辽宁大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2017年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：有人说,马克思的唯物史观只讲社会存在决定社会意识,而忽视了存在(思)本身;也有人说,马克思的唯物史观的核心概念是实践,马克思在实践意义上讲存在,在哲学上会导致"双本体"。更有人干脆否认马克思的存在论。所有这些都是对马克思唯物史观的误解。马克思和恩格斯创立的唯物史观确定存在问题是哲学的基本问题,唯物史观就是关于存在的真理。唯物史观是哲学史上第一个真正超越了哲学既有研究的范式。一切从观念的、想象的、直观的、机械的研究存在、研究本体的旧哲学都是没有意义的。从现实的个人出发成为唯物史观的出发点,人们所从事的生产活动是基本的存在样式,由生产力和生产关系所构成的生产方式是社会发展的决定力量。人们的实践活动就是唯一的存在基础。实践不仅是客观的而且是能动的,实践主客体双方相互影响和作用着,这为科学地解释社会发展的曲折性、人的存在的复杂性打下了坚实的理论基础。在马克思实践哲学看来只有从现实的个人出发,从推动社会历史发展的生产方式出发,才是真正解决存在(思)本身问题的起点。
[Abstract]:Some people say that Marx's historical materialism only stresses that social existence determines social consciousness, while neglecting being (thinking) itself. Others say that the core concept of Marx's historical materialism is practice, and Marx talks about existence in a practical sense. In philosophy, it will lead to "double Noumenon." some people simply deny Marx's existentialism. All this is a misunderstanding of Marx's historical materialism. The historical materialism created by Marx and Engels determines that the existential problem is the basic problem of philosophy. Historical materialism is the truth about being. Historical materialism is the first paradigm in the history of philosophy that truly transcends the existing study of philosophy. There is no point in studying the old philosophy of Noumenon. The starting point of historical materialism is from the point of view of individual reality. The production activities people engage in are the basic forms of existence. The mode of production, composed of productive forces and relations of production, is the decisive force of social development. People's practical activities are the only basis of existence. Practice is not only objective but also dynamic. This has laid a solid theoretical foundation for the scientific explanation of the tortuous nature of social development and the complexity of human existence. In Marx's practical philosophy, it is only from the point of view of the realistic individual and the mode of production that promotes the social and historical development. Is the real solution to the problem of existence (think) itself starting point.
【作者单位】：辽宁大学哲学与公共管理学院;
【分类号】：B03

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