“立于礼”:儒家君子人格养成的行为准则——孔子文学教育思想探论之二

发布时间：2018-03-26 01:31

  本文选题：孔子　切入点：兴于诗　出处：《社会科学研究》2017年03期

【摘要】：“兴于诗,立于礼,成于乐”集中表达了孔子的文学教育思想。前人对“立于礼”的解说各不相同,有说是“学之序”或“教之序”,有说是“立身成德”之一步,有说是“为政次序”之一阶段。而据周代学校教育实际,不存在先学诗后学礼再学乐的教学次序,孔门教学也不能确定有此次序;“为政次序”说只是一种政教理想,并无实践依据。因此,将“立于礼”理解为“立身成德”即儒家君子人格养成之一步较为稳妥。如果说“兴于诗”强调的是儒家君子人格养成的逻辑起点,那么“立于礼”则主要是指示了儒家君子人格养成的行为准则,这一行为准则既包括个人的一言一行,一举一动,也包括个体内心对礼的精神实质的理解和遵从。
[Abstract]:"to be happy in poetry, to stand on ceremony, to become music" is a concentrated expression of Confucius' thoughts on literary education. There are different interpretations of "standing on ceremony", some of which are "preface to learning" or "preface to teaching", and some say that it is one of the steps of "establishing one's body into virtue". It is said that this is one of the stages of "political order." according to the practice of school education in the Zhou Dynasty, there is no teaching order of learning poetry before learning etiquette before learning music, and Confucius teaching is not sure of this order. The theory of "order for politics" is just a kind of political and religious ideal. There is no practical basis. Therefore, it is safe to understand "standing on ceremony" as "forming virtue", that is, one of the steps to cultivate the personality of the Confucian gentleman. If we say that "in poetry" emphasizes the logical starting point for the cultivation of the personality of the Confucian gentleman, Then "standing on ceremony" mainly indicates the code of conduct for the cultivation of the personality of the Confucian gentleman, which includes not only the individual's words and deeds, but also the individual's inner understanding and observance of the spiritual essence of propriety.
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