先秦儒家道德教育思想研究

发布时间：2018-03-26 18:24

本文选题：先秦儒家　切入点：道德教育　出处：《江西理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：习近平总书记对中国传统文化怀有浓厚的感情,尤其青睐孔子创立的儒家学说。习近平多次在不同场合表达对儒家文化的深刻认知和价值认同,习总书记对儒家文化的重视反映了当代社会文化发展的需要,同时折射了国家文化发展的战略取向。如何更好地传承和发展先秦儒家道德教育思想并将其运用到当代的大学生思想政治教育中去是值得我们去总结和凝练的。先秦时期是秦朝开始之前的那段时间,先秦时代的儒学相比后汉以后缺乏平等意识和自由理念、具有明显“威权色彩”的儒学来说,更具有明显的“德性色彩”,所以本论文选择的是以先秦时期的儒家思想为研究对象。那个时期的儒家思想是以孔子、孟子和荀子为代表,他们的思想为后世儒学的发展奠定了基础,使儒学成为中国的国学。孔子主张“仁者爱人”,把“仁”作为儒家思想的核心,把“礼治”作为儒家思想的基础。孟子的学说出发点为性善论,主张德治。荀子主张人本“性恶”,荀子着力于强化孔子礼学。我们应该更加理性地看待先秦儒家思想,去粗取精,去伪存真,让儒家思想和马克思主义相通之处成为马克思主义中国化的重要组成部分,更好地指导我国大学生思想政治教育工作。同时习总书记也指出我们要更加理性地对待传统儒学和中华传统文化。孔子学院的欣欣向荣更加彰显了先秦儒家思想旺盛的生命力。本文在分析了选题背景及意义后,综述了国内外对先秦儒家思想的研究现状。本文的遵照的逻辑是先分析“是什么”——即什么是先秦儒家道德教育思想,它的由来发展,代表人物孔子、孟子、荀子及其主要思想等。接着阐述“为什么”——即为什么要研究先秦儒家道德教育思想,也就是分析其主要内容、重要意义及其历史地位:从“仁者爱人”的道德观、“崇尚正义”的价值观、“内圣外王”的人生观、“天人合一”的世界观、“家国同构”的发展观、“天下为公”的理想观、“和合共赢”的合作观这七个方面对儒家道德教育思想的内容进行归纳;从大学生思想道德教育的现实需求、传承发展中华优秀传统文化的时代要求及构建中国特色社会主义文化的实践诉求三个方面分析研究先秦儒家道德教育思想的重要意义;最后落脚“怎么做”——即先秦儒家思想的当代启示,包括先秦儒家道德教育内容:“仁、义、礼”为核心思想、修己为主要渠道、“忠、孝”为基本要求、“尚中贵和”为重要精神,和环境影响、启发教育、因材施教、言传身教四种方法,以及结合社会主义核心价值观继续推动先秦儒家道德教育思想的传承和创新。
[Abstract]:General Secretary Xi Jinping has strong feelings for Chinese traditional culture, especially in favor of the Confucian doctrine founded by Confucius. Xi Jinping has expressed his profound cognition and value identity to Confucian culture on many different occasions. General Secretary Xi's emphasis on Confucian culture reflects the needs of contemporary social and cultural development. At the same time, it reflects the strategic orientation of the development of national culture. It is worth summing up and condensing how to better inherit and develop the pre-Qin Confucian moral education thought and apply it to contemporary college students' ideological and political education. The pre-Qin period was the period before the Qin Dynasty began. Compared with the post-Han Dynasty, Confucianism in the pre-Qin period lacked the sense of equality and the idea of freedom. Therefore, this thesis chooses the Confucianism of the pre-Qin period as the research object. The Confucianism of that period was represented by Confucius, Mencius and Xunzi. Their thoughts laid a foundation for the development of Confucianism in later generations, and made Confucianism the Chinese Sinology. Confucius advocated "benevolence as lover" and "benevolence" as the core of Confucianism. Mencius takes "rule of etiquette" as the basis of Confucianism. Mencius' theory starts from the theory of good nature, advocates the rule of virtue, and Xunzi advocates humanism as "evil of nature", and Xunzi focuses on strengthening Confucius' propriety. We should look at Confucianism more rationally in the pre-Qin period. To get rid of the rough, to distinguish the false things, to retain the real things, so that the similarities between Confucianism and Marxism become an important part of the Sinicization of Marxism. At the same time, General Secretary Xi also pointed out that we should treat traditional Confucianism and Chinese traditional culture more rationally. After analyzing the background and significance of the topic, This paper summarizes the present situation of the research on the pre-Qin Confucian thought at home and abroad. The logic of this paper is to first analyze "what is"-that is, what is the pre-Qin Confucian moral education thought, its origin and development, the representative characters Confucius, Mencius, Xunzi and his main thoughts, etc., then expounds "why"-that is, why to study the Confucian moral education thought of the Pre-Qin Dynasty, that is, to analyze its main content, Significance and its historical status: from the moral viewpoint of "benevolent lover", the value of "advocating justice", the outlook on life of "inner saints and foreign kings", the world outlook of "the unity of nature and man", the concept of development of "homecoming", and the theory of "serving the public in heaven and earth" Thought view, "harmony and win-win" view of cooperation, these seven aspects of the Confucian moral education thought of the content of induction; This paper analyzes the significance of studying the moral education thought of pre-Qin Confucianism from three aspects: the realistic demand of college students' ideological and moral education, the requirement of inheriting and developing Chinese excellent traditional culture and the practical demand of constructing socialist culture with Chinese characteristics. Finally, "how to do"-that is, the contemporary enlightenment of pre-Qin Confucianism, including the moral education content of pre-Qin Confucian: "benevolence, righteousness, propriety" as the core thought, self-cultivation as the main channel, "loyalty, filial piety" as the basic requirements, "Shang Zhongguo" as the important spirit. And environmental impact, enlightening education, teaching in accordance with aptitude, teaching by words and deeds, and combining with socialist core values continue to promote the inheritance and innovation of Confucian moral education thought in the pre-Qin period.
【学位授予单位】：江西理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B222;D64

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