论陈白沙、王阳明“心学”的差异——兼对“心学”一段著名公案的解读

发布时间：2018-04-03 03:27

本文选题：陈白沙　切入点：王阳明　出处：《广西大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2017年04期

【摘要】：陈白沙、王阳明同为有明"心学"大师。学界多将两人置于"心学"谱系中加以论述,多强调两人思想之同,而鲜留意两人思想之异。事实上,陈白沙、王阳明讲"心"论学差异很大。二者"心学"的差异主要体现在本体、工夫、境界三个方面。就本体而言,陈白沙以"生"为本体,而王阳明则以"良知"为本体。就工夫而言,陈白沙以涵养为主,以虚为基本,以静为门户。王阳明则倡导体认,以笃信和切身践履为两翼。就境界而言,陈白沙憧憬"与物翱翔"的境界,王阳明则向往"与万物为一体"的境界。王阳明论学很少提起陈白沙,这一公案的根本原因是王阳明认为其"心学"与白沙"心学"差异较大,因此没有必要提及。
[Abstract]:Chen Baisha, Wang Yangming is a master of the Ming "heart study".Scholars put the two people in the pedigree of "the study of mind", emphasizing the similarities of the two people's thoughts, and paying little attention to the difference of the two people's thoughts.In fact, Chen Baisha, Wang Yangming said the "heart" theory is very different.The difference between them is mainly embodied in three aspects: Noumenon, time and realm.As far as ontology is concerned, Chen Baisha regards "Sheng" as the Noumenon, while Wang Yangming regards "conscience" as the Noumenon.In terms of time, Chen Baisha to foster the main, to empty as the basic, static as the portal.Wang Yangming advocated understanding, to believe and personal practice for both wings.As far as the realm is concerned, Chen Baisha longs for the realm of "flying with things", while Wang Yangming yearns for the realm of "integration with all things".Wang Yangming seldom mentions Chen Baisha, the basic reason of this case is that Wang Yangming thinks that his "psychology" is quite different from that of "Bai Sha", so it is not necessary to mention it.
【作者单位】：闽南师范大学马克思主义学院;
【分类号】：B248

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