试论诚在周敦颐人性论中的本体地位

发布时间：2018-04-11 23:26

本文选题：诚 + 人性论　；参考：《兰州大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：周敦颐是宋明理学的开山鼻祖,他通过对儒释道三家学术的融会贯通,初步建立起宋明理学的总体架构。周敦颐留传下来的著作主要有《太极图》、《太极图说》和《通书》。在《太极图》、《太极图说》中他强调无极而太极的本体地位,在《通书》中他强调诚的本体地位。研究这些著作可以发现,周敦颐的思想在儒家一贯强调的心性之学中加强了本体性的依据的论证。本文主要的研究对象是周敦颐以“诚”为本的人性论,分为三个方面来加以论述。第一章主要讨论了周敦颐“诚”的思想塑造的理论背景。人性论是儒家思想的核心,也是儒家思想的理论基石,在它历经两汉、魏晋、南北朝再到隋唐学术发展后,由于受佛道思想的浸染,儒家人性论与本体论关联的特点日益突出,周敦颐的思想正是在这样的学术发展背景下产生的。第二章主要研究了诚在周敦颐人性论中的意义和地位。在周敦颐的思想中,“无极而太极”被朱熹解释为无形而有理,它是未来宋明理学理本体的先声。而在《通书》中,周敦颐又强调了诚的本体地位,虽然周敦颐在《太极图说》中并没有提及诚的概念,但是我们从《通书》中可以看出诚在天人贯通的层次上具有向上连通“无极而太极”,向下贯通人性的本体意义。从人性论的视角来看,周敦颐的人性论具有以诚之本体而立性的特色。周敦颐是宋明理学的实际开创者,他的思想对于二程以及整个宋明理学都产生了深远的影响。故而,第三章主要讨论了宋明后儒张载、二程、朱熹和王阳明对周敦颐诚的思想的继承和发展。总之,本文从儒家人性论之历史流变出发,认真研究了“诚”在周敦颐人性论中的本体地位和意义,以期发掘出周敦颐“以诚立性”的人性论思想的基本内核和学术意义。周敦颐的思想具有划时代的意义,在他的思想中,宋明理学强调本体的意蕴已经十分明显。周敦颐正是在这种思路下,初步论证了诚,也就是本体在中国儒家人性论中的地位和意义,这在儒家人性论发展史中是极为重要的。人性论是中国儒家思想的核心,而面对佛教和道家的挑战,儒家人性论必然会对人性论的本体基础做出重大的创新,可以说周敦颐正是这一人性论本体创新历程中的重要路标。他的思想,上承《周易》、《中庸》的基本精神,并在李翱强调《中庸》的思想基础上,开出了宋明理学哲学本体论的新气象。
[Abstract]:Zhou Dunyi was the first ancestor of Song Ming's Neo-Confucianism. He initially established the overall framework of Song Ming's Neo-Confucianism through the integration of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism.Zhou Dunyi's works mainly include Taiji, Taiji and Tongshu.In Taiji Chart, Taiji Theory, he emphasizes the ontological status of Taiji, and in Tongshu he emphasizes the Noumenon position of sincerity.After studying these works, we can find that Zhou Dunyi's thought strengthens the argumentation of ontological basis in the Confucian school of mind.The main research object of this paper is Zhou Dunyi's theory of humanity based on sincerity, which is divided into three aspects.The first chapter mainly discusses the theoretical background of Zhou Dunyi's "sincerity".The theory of human nature is the core of Confucianism and the theoretical cornerstone of Confucianism. After its academic development from the Han, Wei and Jin dynasties to the Sui and Tang dynasties, due to the influence of Buddhism and Taoism, the characteristics of the relationship between the Confucian theory of human nature and ontology have become increasingly prominent.Zhou Dunyi's thought was produced under such a background of academic development.The second chapter mainly studies the significance and position of Cheng in Zhou Dunyi's theory of human nature.In Zhou Dunyi's thought, "Wuji and Taiji" was interpreted by Zhu Xi as invisible and rational.In the Book of Tales, Zhou Dunyi emphasized the status of sincerity, although he did not mention the concept of honesty in Taijitu.However, we can see from the Book of Communications that sincerity has the meaning of connecting "the infinite and the Taiji" up and down through the human nature on the level of the connection between heaven and man.From the point of view of human nature theory, Zhou Dunyi's theory of human nature has the characteristics of sincerity.Zhou Dunyi was the practical pioneer of Song Ming's Neo-Confucianism, and his thought had a profound influence on the second stage as well as the whole Song Ming Neo-Confucianism.Therefore, the third chapter mainly discusses the inheritance and development of Zhou Dunyi's thoughts by Zhu Xi and Wang Yangming.In a word, from the historical evolution of Confucian theory of human nature, this paper studies the Noumenon status and significance of "sincerity" in Zhou Dunyi's theory of human nature, in order to find out the basic core and academic significance of Zhou Dunyi's theory of human nature.Zhou Dunyi's thought is of epoch-making significance. In his thought, Song Ming's Neo-Confucianism emphasizes the meaning of Noumenon.Zhou Dunyi has demonstrated the position and significance of sincerity, which is the status and significance of ontology in Chinese Confucian theory of human nature, which is extremely important in the history of Confucian theory of human nature.The theory of human nature is the core of Chinese Confucian thought, and facing the challenge of Buddhism and Taoism, Confucian theory of human nature will certainly make a great innovation on the basis of the ontology of human nature. It can be said that Zhou Dunyi is an important road sign in the course of the innovation of the ontology of human nature.His thought inherited the basic spirit of "Zhouyi" and "the mean", and on the basis of Li ao's emphasis on "the mean", he put forward the new atmosphere of the ontology of Song Ming's philosophy of Neo-Confucianism.
【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B244.2

【参考文献】