《黄老帛书》中的阴阳家思想研究

发布时间：2018-05-03 09:20

本文选题：《黄老帛书》 + 阴阳家　；参考：《武汉大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：阴阳思想是《黄老帛书》中的重要理论之一。《黄老帛书》中的阴阳思想很大程度上来源于先秦阴阳家思想,具体表现为用阴阳家思想改造老子之"道",使其向社会性倾斜,更具有现实指导意义,并在此基础上发展出一套阴阳刑德理论。本文拟就《黄老帛书》与阴阳家思想为研究重点进行考察,主要分为以下三个部分:第一章集中考察阴阳家思想的基本内涵以及如何确定《黄老帛书》中的阴阳家思想。阴阳家思想主要有早期阴阳思想、早期五行思想和巫术方技三个主要理论源头,其学说主要表现为顺应时节以察天道,以阴阳为四时、八位、十二度、二十四节制定教令,以此为天地之大经。由此特点出发来考察《黄老帛书》中的阴阳思想与阴阳家思想的关系,可以看出,早期阴阳家思想重时节,顺天道,因天时,进而衍化出了以务时寄政为主的一派阴阳家和以邹衍五德终始为主的一派阴阳家。这些阴阳家的主要分支都对《黄老帛书》中的阴阳思想产生了一定的影响。第二章主要讨论《黄老帛书》中的阴阳家思想。《黄老帛书》中的阴阳观念是一以贯之的,不论是其天道观还是政治理论,都离不开对阴阳观念的考察。在黄老帛书中,阴阳观念被用来解释"道"的本原,同时又运用阴阳二气的特性和阴阳转化的思想来阐述具体事物的运动变化。在政治理论中,《黄老帛书》以"凡论必以阴阳明大义"为总纲,用阴阳将事物分为自然和社会两大属类,进而按照这个标准对所有具体事物进行阴阳的划分。黄老帛书对阴阳家理论最重要的发展还在于吸收了阴阳家敬天授时的思想发展出了一套阴阳刑德的理论。阴阳刑德理论重在对四时制定可供遵守的赏罚制度,并强调刑德相养、刚柔相济、文武并重。从这个角度来说,阴阳刑德理论也是对天稽环周的一种合理展开。第三章主要对黄老帛书中的阴阳家思想与其他阴阳家思想进行对比研究。邹衍是阴阳家学派中比较重要的代表人物,对黄老帛书中的阴阳思想与邹衍一派的阴阳家思想的对比可以更好的厘清黄老帛书与邹衍一派阴阳家思想的区别与联系;对以《吕氏春秋·十二纪》、《礼记·月令》、《淮南子·时则训》等著作中留存的阴阳家思想与黄老帛书中的阴阳家思想进行对比考察,分析阴阳家思想在这一时期对其他各个学派的影响。对北京大学藏西汉竹简中阴阳家的作品《阴阳家言》、《节》两篇与黄老帛书中的阴阳家思想进行对比,分析其与先秦阴阳家的关系及其与《黄老帛书》阴阳理论的同异,发掘阴阳家与黄老帛书之间的交互影响。
[Abstract]:The thought of yin and yang is one of the important theories in Huang Lao silk book. To a large extent, the thought of yin and yang in Huang Lao silk book originates from the thought of yin and yang in the pre-Qin dynasty, which is manifested in the transformation of Lao zi's "Tao" by using the thought of yin and yang to make it incline to the society More practical significance, and on this basis to develop a set of Yin and Yang criminal morality theory. This paper focuses on the study of "Huang Lao silk book" and "Yin-yang School", which is divided into the following three parts: the first chapter focuses on the basic connotation of Yin-Yang Family thought and how to determine the Yin-Yang family thought in the Yellow Lao-Lao Silk Book. There are three main theoretical sources of Yin-Yang thought, the early thought of five elements and the magic technique. Their theories mainly show that they conform to the season to observe the heavenly way, take Yin and Yang as 04:00, eight places, twelve degrees and 24 stanzas to formulate a teaching order. This is the great classics of heaven and earth. Starting from this characteristic, to examine the relationship between the Yin-Yang thought and the Yin-Yang family thought in the Yellow Lao-Lao Silk Book, we can see that the early Yin-Yang family thought was very seasonal. Then, it developed a school of Yin-yang and Yin-Yang with Zou Yan and Wude. The main branches of Yin-yang School have a certain influence on the thought of Yin and Yang in the Yellow Old Silk Book. The second chapter mainly discusses the Yin-yang family's thought in "Huang Lao silk book". The idea of yin and yang in "Huang Lao silk book" is consistent, whether it is the view of Heaven or the political theory, it is inseparable from the investigation of the idea of Yin and Yang. In Huang Lao silk, the concept of yin and yang is used to explain the origin of Tao, and at the same time, the characteristics of yin and yang and the idea of transforming yin and yang are used to explain the movement and change of concrete things. In the political theory, "Huang Lao silk book" takes "every theory must take the Yin and Yang Ming Ming Dayi" as the general outline, uses the Yin and the Yang to divide the thing into the nature and the society two big categories, then carries on the division according to this standard to all concrete things. The most important development of Huang Lao silk book to the theory of Yin-Yang School is to absorb the thought of Yin-Yang Family's respect for Heaven and to develop a set of theory of Yin-Yang Criminal morality. The theory of Yin and Yang penalty focuses on establishing a reward and punishment system for 04:00, and emphasizes that punishment and morality should be nurtured, that justice should be combined with gentleness, and that both civil and military should be emphasized. From this point of view, the theory of Yin and Yang penalty is also a reasonable development of Tianji Huanzhou. The third chapter makes a comparative study of Yin-yang School and other Yin-Yang thoughts in Huang Lao silk. Zou Yan is an important representative figure in Yin-Yang School. The comparison of Yin-Yang thought in Huang Lao silk book and Yin-Yang school in Zou Yan School can better clarify the difference and relation between Huang Lao Silk Book and Zou Yi-yan School of Yin-Yang School. A comparative investigation was made between the Yin-Yang thoughts retained in Lu's Spring and Autumn period, the Liji of the Moon, and Huainan Zi's thoughts on Yin-Yang School, and those in Huang Lao's silk books. This paper analyzes the influence of Yin-yang School on other schools in this period. This paper makes a comparison between the works of Yin and Yang in the bamboo slips of the Western Han Dynasty of Peking University, and the Yin-Yang School's thoughts in Huang Lao's silk books, and analyzes their relationship with the Yin-Yang family in the Pre-Qin Dynasty and their similarities and differences with the Yin-Yang theory of "Yellow Old Silk Book". Explore the interaction between Yin-yang family and Huang Lao silk books.
【学位授予单位】：武汉大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B227

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