王阳明“致良知”中的本体与工夫之辨

发布时间：2018-05-04 17:36

本文选题：王阳明 + 心即理　；参考：《华东师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：在"致良知"中,本体既是工夫的出发点,又是工夫的结果,本体与工夫界限模糊,呈现出即本体即工夫的动态循环。"良知"隐含了阳明"心即理"的本体论,它的"不虑"与是非指向着情感上的自足和伦理上的善,代表了本体的境界与至善意义,后者既是本体工夫互相转换的基础,也构成了本体与工夫相说的主要内容。在以本体说工夫中,人人皆具的"良知"总是现成存在的,此时虽然它还不是完全的存在,但也不妨碍它能够实际的成为工夫的指导,本体向工夫转变。本体对工夫的介入,使工夫产生分化,除了有直接从本体悟入而表现的本体即工夫,更有良知本体指导下的一步一步修证的工夫;在以工夫说本体中,圣人要做工夫说明本体恢复、良知全体朗现后,工夫依然需要存在,不能被抛弃。良知的全体毕竟只是精神式的,还需要借助工夫走向物质,走向社会以物支撑自身的现实存在。本体依赖着工夫在日用常行中存在,此时本体与工夫高度同一,工夫即本体。
[Abstract]:In "to conscience", Noumenon is not only the starting point of time, but also the result of time. The boundary between Noumenon and time is blurred, showing the dynamic cycle of Noumenon that is time. " "conscience" implies the ontology of Yangming's "mind is reason", whose "non-consideration" and "right and wrong" point to emotional self-sufficiency and ethical goodness, and represents the realm of Noumenon and the ultimate meaning of goodness, which is the basis for the transformation of Noumenon's work. It also constitutes the main content of Noumenon and time. In Noumenon, everyone has a "conscience" that always exists. Although it is not yet completely present, it does not prevent it from actually becoming the guidance of the work and the transformation from the ontology to the time. The intervention of Noumenon in the work has caused the division of the work. In addition to the Noumenon, which is expressed directly from the knowledge of the body, that is, the work, the Noumenon has also been guided by the Noumenon of conscience to practice the evidence step by step; in the theory of the Noumenon by the time, The sage must do the work to explain the self-restoration, after the conscience is clear, the work still needs to exist, cannot be abandoned. After all, the whole of conscience is only spiritual, but also needs to go to the material with the help of time, to the society to support its own reality. Noumenon depends on time in daily life. At this time, Noumenon is highly identical with time, that is, Noumenon.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B248.2

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