消费主义及其超越研究

发布时间：2018-05-04 19:28

本文选题：消费 + 消费主义　；参考：《上海师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：消费是满足人类生存需要的活动,人们的生产以及生活离不开消费。自人类社会产生以来,消费就伴随着人类社会的发展,呈现出消费自身的发展进化史。随着生产力提升以及社会进步,特别是资本主义社会的到来,消费发挥着更大的作用。资本主义社会以前的消费仅仅是人们以货币为媒介交换剩余产品满足生存需要的方式。资本主义社会形态下,消费不仅是人们购买商品满足生活所需的一种生存方式,还是刺激和引领生产,促进经济发展,实现资本主义经济模式下助力资本增殖的手段。随着消费的作用及其影响不断扩大,消费主义在资本主义社会背景下不可阻挡地出现了。消费主义从萌芽、形成、到成熟经历了一个漫长的历史过程,具有阶段性的发展特征。消费主义最先萌芽于欧洲大陆,在殖民统治、资本扩张的影响下传入美国。19世纪以后,消费主义在美国得到新的发展并走向成熟,出现了占有式消费、炫耀性消费、符号化消费等消费形式。如今,消费主义依然在不断变化。消费主义盛行的西方资本主义社会,人们的消费从满足基本生存所需的物质消费发展成为欲望消费。在满足欲望消费为目的的消费社会中,人们的消费生活、消费观念、消费文化无一不带有浓厚的消费主义色彩。人们奉行着一切都可以被用来消费,可以消费一切的消费理念。消费成为了主宰一切的力量。消费主义是西方资本主义发展的产物,资本主义社会的政治、经济、文化为消费主义提供了丰厚的土壤。消费主义其实质是服从于资本增殖目的下的资本主义意识形态,是资本逻辑的工具。不可否认,消费主义带来了一定意义上的积极作用。但从长远来看,消费主义盛行其弊远大于利。消费主义造成的资源浪费、环境破坏、消费异化、消费心理扭曲等负面影响及危害给人类社会的健康发展带来极大的威胁。在资本全球化的国际大环境下,消费主义正向世界范围蔓延。改革开放以来,产生于西方社会的消费主义给中国社会带来诸多消极影响。梳理消费主义的历史,揭示消费主义的实质,阐述消费主义所带来的危害,对于遏制消费主义、超越消费主义具有重要的理论价值和现实意义。
[Abstract]:Consumption is to meet the needs of human survival activities, people's production and life can not be separated from consumption. Since the emergence of human society, consumption has been accompanied by the development of human society, showing the evolution of consumption itself. With the increase of productivity and social progress, especially the arrival of capitalist society, consumption plays a greater role. The previous consumption in capitalist society was only a way for people to exchange surplus products for survival. In capitalist society, consumption is not only a way for people to buy commodities to meet the needs of life, but also a means to stimulate and lead production, to promote economic development and to achieve the growth of capital under the capitalist economic model. With the expansion of the role and influence of consumption, consumerism appears irresistibly under the background of capitalist society. Consumerism has experienced a long historical process from germination, formation and maturity, and has the characteristics of stage development. Consumerism first sprouted in the European continent. Under the influence of colonial rule and capital expansion, consumerism was introduced into the United States after the 19th century. Consumerism developed and matured in the United States, resulting in possessive consumption and conspicuous consumption. Symbolic consumption and other forms of consumption. Today, consumerism is still changing. In the western capitalist society where consumerism prevails, people's consumption develops from material consumption to desire consumption. In the consumer society with the purpose of satisfying desire consumption, people's consumption life, consumption concept and consumption culture all have strong consumerism color. People adhere to the concept that everything can be used for consumption, can consume everything. Consumption has become the dominant force. Consumerism is the product of the development of western capitalism. The politics, economy and culture of capitalist society provide rich soil for consumerism. The essence of consumerism is capitalistic ideology under the aim of capital multiplication, which is the tool of capital logic. Undeniably, consumerism has brought positive effects in a certain sense. But in the long run, consumerism has done far more harm than good. The negative influence and harm caused by consumerism, such as waste of resources, environment destruction, consumption alienation and consumption psychology distortion, bring great threat to the healthy development of human society. In the international environment of capital globalization, consumerism is spreading all over the world. Since reform and opening up, consumerism arising from western society has brought many negative effects to Chinese society. Combing the history of consumerism, revealing the essence of consumerism and expounding the harm brought by consumerism have important theoretical value and practical significance to curb consumerism and transcend consumerism.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B03

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