“好德如好色”:孔子对当代美德伦理学的贡献

发布时间：2018-05-11 08:32

本文选题：孔子 + 德　；参考：《杭州师范大学学报(社会科学版)》2017年04期

【摘要】：孔子的"好德如好色"表明,儒家的最高境界不是行善,而是乐于行善。这样一种观点对于当代美德伦理学具有多重的贡献。第一,它对西方哲学自柏拉图开始就困扰着大家的"为什么要有道德"的问题作出了一个恰当的回答:通过有道德才能成为一个健康而没有缺陷的人;第二,它对认为具有美德的人根本上是自我中心主义者的观点做了有力回应:虽然具有美德的人是为了自己成为一个健康而没有缺陷的人,一个人之所以健康而没有缺陷恰恰是因为他关心他人的利益;第三,它对所谓美德的悖论(美德之所以值得赞扬是因为它要求我们做的是困难的事情,但具有美德的人做这些事情时却轻而易举)提供了一个很好的说明:要成为一个具有美德的人,即成为一个能够轻而易举地做美德的事情的人,需要做长期而艰苦的自我修养功夫,而一个人之所以在做这样的美德的事情时非常困难,恰恰是因为他没有下功夫成为一个具有美德的人,因此美德和具有美德的人还是最值得赞扬的。
[Abstract]:Confucius '"good morality "shows that the highest state of Confucianism is not to do good, but to do good. Such a view has many contributions to contemporary virtue ethics. First, it gives an appropriate answer to the question of why there should be morality, which Western philosophy has troubled us since Plato: to be a healthy and unflawed person by virtue of virtue; and second, It responds powerfully to the idea that the person with virtue is essentially an egocentrism: although the person with virtue is a person who wants to be healthy and has no defects, The reason a person is healthy without defects is precisely because he cares about the interests of others; and third, his paradox of so-called virtue (virtue is commendable because it requires us to do something difficult). But it is easy for a person with virtue to do these things.) to be a man of virtue is to be a man of virtue, that is to be a person who can do things with virtue, It takes a long and hard time to cultivate oneself, and it is very difficult for a man to do such a good thing precisely because he does not work hard to become a man of virtue. Therefore, virtue and the person with virtue are the most praiseworthy.
【作者单位】：香港中文大学哲学系;华东师范大学哲学系;
【分类号】：B222.2

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