圣西门的新宗教:实业社会的道德守护者

发布时间：2018-06-02 05:18

本文选题：宗教 + 社会　；参考：《学海》2017年05期

【摘要】：本文从圣西门所处的历史语境及圣西门关于宗教的论述的演变入手,对其宗教思想加以评析。大革命爆发以来法国社会纽带分崩离析的状况引发思想界普遍的焦虑,也促成了包括圣西门在内的法国思想家宗教情感的复苏。通过继承和改造基督教的思想遗产,圣西门完成了对宗教的理解的双重转化:一是将宗教去神圣化为人类的发明;二是将它神圣化为维持社会必不可少的世俗制度。经由这一转化,圣西门使法国的社会科学得以在摒弃旧神学的同时高度关注宗教问题。对宗教的社会整合功能的重视,从圣西门到涂尔干一脉相承。涂尔干在继承和批判圣西门宗教思想的基础上,提出了通过重建职业群体维护社会团结的理论。
[Abstract]:This paper begins with the historical context of Saint-Simon and the evolution of Saint-Simon 's exposition on religion, and comments on his religious thoughts. The breakdown of French social ties since the outbreak of the Great Revolution caused widespread anxiety in the field of thought, and also contributed to the revival of religious feelings of French thinkers, including Saint-Simon. By inheriting and reforming the Christian ideological heritage, Saint-Simon has completed the double transformation of the understanding of religion: one is to desanctify religion as an invention of human beings, the other is to sanctify it as a secular system necessary to maintain the society. Through this transformation, Saint-Simon enabled the French social sciences to devote great attention to religious issues while abandoning old theology. The emphasis on the social integration function of religion, from Saint-Simon to Durkheim. On the basis of inheriting and criticizing Saint-Simon 's religious thought, Durkheim put forward the theory of maintaining social unity through the reconstruction of professional groups.
【作者单位】：首都师范大学历史学院文明区划研究中心;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金项目“19世纪上半叶法国思想界对启蒙和大革命的反思”(项目号:15BSS039)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：B565

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