孔子“礼本于太一”说发微

发布时间：2018-06-21 21:27

本文选题：礼 + 《太一生水》　；参考：《曲阜师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：孔子“礼本于太一”之说见载于《礼记》的《礼运》篇中。由于《礼记》成书于汉代,时间较晚,其阴阳五行思想在汉代又颇为流行,因而长期以来孔子的“礼本于太一”之说并没有引起人们足够的注意。但孔子的这种说法又见于《孔子家语》的《礼运》,随着近年来“《孔子家语》伪书说”被破除,加之郭店楚简《太一生水》篇问世与解读,“礼本于太一”之说也开始引起了学界的重视。而从内容上看,“礼本于太一”说关乎着孔子“吾道一以贯之”的问题,也使得它成为当代学术研究里不可忽视的问题。孔子“礼本于太一”之说与郭店简《太一生水》有深层联系,亦有一定区别。它是儒家在太一生成思想影响下形成的礼生成论,属于儒家思想本体论的层面。《家语》比《礼运》篇相关内容更加古朴可信,也证明了“礼本于太一”之说是《礼运》中的固有内容,并对“思孟学派”以及荀子有深刻影响。“礼本于太一”说中涉及到的宇宙生成思想集中体现了孔子对世界的认识,这一理论直接与“性与天道”问题相连,是早期儒家形上思想的典型体现。而在礼本于太一”之说中,孔子将宇宙生成与现实秩序相联系,这种从“太一”到“礼”的理路更是展现了孔子“一以贯之”的“整体”思维。就“礼本于太一”说给予的启迪来看,其例证的作用具备典型性,其展现的整体思维则具有广阔的普适性。在具体内容上,它既是先秦儒家思想发展的一环,又可以纳入到中国思想史里天人观念的发展历程中;而在思维方式上,无论是孔子“中道”“恕道”的方法论、还是“大同”学说的社会理想构建,都是孔子“整体”思维的极致推演。这种的整体性的思维是我们理解孔子思想与儒家学说的重要门径,体现了早期儒学“致广大而尽精微”、“极高明而道中庸”的特质。在当前对东、西方“一多不分”与“一多二元”的思维、学术差异的讨论中,“礼本于太一”说充分展现了自三代以来形成的哲学思维。这种思维是中国特有的对人类社会与自然界的整体性解释,代表着中国的文化特性。在强调民族精神、重拾文化自信的今天,理解中国独特思维的重要性愈加明显。
[Abstract]:Confucius's view of Li Ben in Tai Yi is contained in the Book of Rites. Due to the late writing of the Book of Rites in the Han Dynasty, the thought of Yin Yang and five elements was quite popular in the Han Dynasty. Therefore, Confucius's theory of "Li Ben in Tai Yi" had not attracted enough attention for a long time. However, this kind of saying of Confucius can be found in "Liyun" in "Confucius Family language". With the elimination of the "Confucius Family language" pseudo-book theory in recent years, and the publication and interpretation of Guodian's Chu Bamboo slips "Taiyi Raw Water" in recent years, The theory of Li Ben in Tai Yi also started to attract the attention of the academic circles. From the content point of view, the theory of "Li Ben in Tai Yi" is related to Confucius "consistent with the Tao", which makes it a problem that can not be ignored in contemporary academic research. Confucius' theory of "Li Ben Yu Tai Yi" has deep relation with Guo Dian Jian's "Taiyi Raw Water", and there are some differences. It is formed by Confucianism under the influence of Taiyi's generative thought and belongs to the level of Confucian ontology. It also proves that the theory of "Li Ben in Tai Yi" is the inherent content of Li Yun, and has a profound influence on "Simeng School" and Xunzi. The idea of universe generation involved in the theory of "Li Ben Yu Tai Yi" embodies Confucius' understanding of the world. This theory is directly related to the problem of "sex and the Tao of Heaven" and is a typical embodiment of the early Confucian metaphysical thought. In the theory of Li Ben in Tai Yi, Confucius linked the creation of the universe to the real order, and this way of thinking from "Tai Yi" to "Li" showed Confucius's "whole" thinking of "consistent". In terms of the enlightenment given by the theory of "Li Ben Yu Yi", the function of its illustration is typical, and its whole thinking has broad universality. In terms of concrete content, it is not only a link in the development of Confucianism in the pre-Qin period, but also can be incorporated into the development course of the concept of Heaven and Man in the history of Chinese ideology, and in the way of thinking, whether it is the methodology of Confucius's "midway" and "forgiving Tao", Or the construction of social ideal of "Datong" theory, which is the ultimate deduction of Confucius'"whole" thinking. This kind of holistic thinking is an important way for us to understand Confucius thought and Confucianism, which embodies the characteristics of early Confucianism "to the masses and to the best" and "extremely wise and moderate". In the current discussion of the difference between "one and more" and "one and more duality" in the east and the west, the theory of "Li Ben in Tai Yi" fully shows the philosophical thinking formed since three generations. This kind of thinking is China's unique interpretation of human society and nature, representing China's cultural characteristics. With the emphasis on national spirit and cultural self-confidence, it is more and more important to understand Chinese unique thinking.
【学位授予单位】：曲阜师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B222.2

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