儒家“亚圣”名号变迁考——关于宋元政治与理学道统论之互动研究

发布时间：2018-06-23 15:43

本文选题：亚圣 + 颜回　；参考：《历史研究》2017年04期

【摘要】：儒家"亚圣"名号从颜子到孟子的转移,远比人们过去所知的情况要复杂。在中古时期,颜回是长期获得朝野主流承认的儒家"亚圣"。北宋熙丰新政中始以颜孟并配孔子,然受五贤信仰遗留影响牵制,孟子位次颜回,大体可称"亚圣之次"。宋金对峙期间,南北广泛出现两个"亚圣"并称的特殊现象,体现颜孟并配的常识化与理学道统说之初兴。在宋高宗绍兴之训和朱熹《四书》构建的道统话语中,孟子地位及影响渐逾颜子,迨理宗绾合朝野道统论,官方颁示的《道统十三赞》首次舍颜子而独称孟子"亚圣"。随着理学北传,元文宗正式封孟子为"亚圣公",颜回则被改封"复圣公"。儒家"亚圣"名号从颜子到孟子的曲折变迁,映照出宋元时代理学道统论渐次兴起及与政治体制互动整饬的图景。
[Abstract]:The transfer of Confucian name from Yan Zi to Mencius is much more complicated than people used to know. In mid-ancient times, Yan Hui was long recognized by the mainstream of the ruling and opposition Confucian "Yasheng". The Northern Song Dynasty Xifeng New deal began with Yan Meng and Confucius, but influenced by the five sages, Mencius was second to Yan Hui. During the confrontation between Song and Jin dynasties, there were two special phenomena called "Yasheng" in the north and south, which reflected the common sense of Yan Meng-he and the doctrine of Neo-Confucianism and Taoism. In the Taoist discourse constructed by Shaoxing of Song Gaozong and Zhu Xi, Mencius' position and influence gradually outweigh Yan Zi, so that Lizong intertwined with the theory of ruling and opposition Taoism, and the official "13 praise of Taoism" was the first time that Mencius "Asaheng" was named "Asaheng" by dismissing Yan Zi for the first time. With the northward transmission of Neo-Confucianism, Mencius was officially declared the "Asaheng Gong" in the Yuan Dynasty, while Yan Hui was renamed the "Fu Sheng Gong". The tortuous changes from Yan Zi to Mencius in the name of "Yasheng" of Confucianism reflect the gradual rise of Neo-Confucianism and its interaction with political system in the Song and Yuan dynasties.
【作者单位】：北京大学历史学系;
【分类号】：B244

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