现代性的“变”与“未变”—尼采对现代性的批判
发布时间：2018-08-08 13:54
【摘要】：本文的主题是尼采对现代性的批判,所谓的“变”与“不变”突出的是尼采的批判路径和思想的独特性。人们习惯于把现代性的问题放在传统与现代嬗变的语境中来讨论,亦即在“变”中寻求现代性的本质规定性。而尼采不仅指出虚无主义是现代性的根本规定性,而且将这一现代性危机的根源溯源于苏格拉底和柏拉图开创的柏拉图主义传统。历经两千载,不管时代如何变化,柏拉图主义的精神却从未变过,并最终导致了现代性危机的爆发。鉴于此,本文开篇就从韦伯和吉登斯的视角出发,试图描述一幅相对直观的现代性世界图景,呈现现代性“变”的一面,从而引出了生活于时代巨变下的尼采关于现代性的体验。本文认为体验具有认识论的意义,作为一个思接千载的哲学家,正是尼采的特殊体验使他做出了对时代病症——虚无主义的诊断。尼采在对现代性的批判与其对柏拉图主义的批判是一体的,而在这种批判之中包含着尼采对克服虚无主义危机所做的战略构想。因此本文的内容实质上包含两个部分：一方面,本文聚焦于尼采对现时代的批判,通过尼采对基督教和现代政治、现代科学的批判梳理了柏拉图主义的延续线索：另一方面,本文对尼采克服虚无主义的构想做出重新审视。本文认为以“权力意志”为根本依据,以“永恒轮回”为最高价值导向,尼采就此明确了使人类未来摆脱现代性窠臼,从而真正推进人类的纲领性谋划。本文将在此探讨人们在谈及尼采哲学和尼采的现代性批判思想时有所忽略的哲学与宗教、哲学与政治、哲学家与人民等主题。
[Abstract]:The theme of this paper is Nietzsche's criticism of modernity. The so-called "change" and "invariance" stand out as Nietzsche's critical path and the uniqueness of his thoughts. People are accustomed to discuss the problem of modernity in the context of the evolution of tradition and modernity, that is, to seek the essential stipulation of modernity in "change". Nietzsche not only points out that nihilism is the fundamental stipulation of modernity, but also traces the root of this modernity crisis to the Platonism tradition initiated by Socrates and Plato. After two thousand years, no matter how the times change, the spirit of Platonism has never changed, and finally led to the outbreak of the crisis of modernity. In view of this, this paper starts from the perspective of Weber and Giddens, trying to describe a relatively intuitive picture of the world of modernity, showing the "changing" side of modernity. This leads to Nietzsche's experience of modernity living under the great changes of the times. This paper holds that experience has epistemological significance. As a philosopher who has been thinking for thousands of years, it is Nietzsche's special experience that makes him make a diagnosis of nihilism, the disease of the times. Nietzsche's critique of modernity is integrated with his critique of Platonism, which contains Nietzsche's strategic conception of overcoming the nihilism crisis. Therefore, the content of this paper contains two parts in essence: on the one hand, this paper focuses on Nietzsche's critique of the present era, combing the continuing clue of Platonism through Nietzsche's criticism of Christianity and modern politics, modern science, on the other hand, This paper reexamines Nietzsche's idea of overcoming nihilism. This paper holds that with "will of power" as the fundamental basis and "eternal reincarnation" as the highest value orientation, Nietzsche has made it clear that the future of mankind will be rid of the pattern of modernity, thus truly advancing the programmatic plan of human beings. This paper will discuss the topics of philosophy and religion, philosophy and politics, philosophers and the people, which are neglected when people talk about Nietzsche's philosophy and his critique of modernity.
【学位授予单位】：宁夏大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：B516.47
本文编号：2171991
[Abstract]:The theme of this paper is Nietzsche's criticism of modernity. The so-called "change" and "invariance" stand out as Nietzsche's critical path and the uniqueness of his thoughts. People are accustomed to discuss the problem of modernity in the context of the evolution of tradition and modernity, that is, to seek the essential stipulation of modernity in "change". Nietzsche not only points out that nihilism is the fundamental stipulation of modernity, but also traces the root of this modernity crisis to the Platonism tradition initiated by Socrates and Plato. After two thousand years, no matter how the times change, the spirit of Platonism has never changed, and finally led to the outbreak of the crisis of modernity. In view of this, this paper starts from the perspective of Weber and Giddens, trying to describe a relatively intuitive picture of the world of modernity, showing the "changing" side of modernity. This leads to Nietzsche's experience of modernity living under the great changes of the times. This paper holds that experience has epistemological significance. As a philosopher who has been thinking for thousands of years, it is Nietzsche's special experience that makes him make a diagnosis of nihilism, the disease of the times. Nietzsche's critique of modernity is integrated with his critique of Platonism, which contains Nietzsche's strategic conception of overcoming the nihilism crisis. Therefore, the content of this paper contains two parts in essence: on the one hand, this paper focuses on Nietzsche's critique of the present era, combing the continuing clue of Platonism through Nietzsche's criticism of Christianity and modern politics, modern science, on the other hand, This paper reexamines Nietzsche's idea of overcoming nihilism. This paper holds that with "will of power" as the fundamental basis and "eternal reincarnation" as the highest value orientation, Nietzsche has made it clear that the future of mankind will be rid of the pattern of modernity, thus truly advancing the programmatic plan of human beings. This paper will discuss the topics of philosophy and religion, philosophy and politics, philosophers and the people, which are neglected when people talk about Nietzsche's philosophy and his critique of modernity.
【学位授予单位】：宁夏大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：B516.47
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前2条
1 宋海勇;;尼采对现代性的批判及其当代启示[J];理论导刊;2009年12期
2 储昭华;;尼采对自由主义的批判及其警示意义[J];江西社会科学;2009年11期
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