朱子对《大学》“三纲”内涵的诠释
发布时间：2018-10-09 20:23
【摘要】：朱子思想成熟的过程可以说是和《四书》思想共同发展、丰富。观其生命之全过程,朱子毕生尽瘁于《大学》。“明明德”、“亲民”、“止于至善”三者,不仅是朱子《大学》的总括,也是朱子理学思想的集中体现。本文以朱子之理学思想为大背景,以其对《大学》“明明德”、“新民”、“止于至善”的诠释为主要内容,通过以下几部分把握朱子《大学》之思想： 第一部分,探讨朱子发掘“明明德”的思想历程。通过解释“道”、“理”“德”等范畴,明晰“德”、“明德”以及“明明德”之间的关系,指出朱子对“明明德”的理解和把握是以其理学化思想的建构为关键,其对“明明德”思想的认识完善过程是“人人皆有之良心”→“体用、本末之一体”μ“得于天而光明正大者”→“得之于己,至明而不昧者”。这一变化过程蕴含着朱子心性论及工夫论的理学思想完善过程。 第二部分,首先探讨“明明德”到“新民”的过渡,指出“明明德”是成己,而“新民”是成物,二者所指主体和对象不同；其次重点论证朱子改“亲民”为“新民”,一方面是其理学思想的建构,一方面又内含丰富的儒家教化思想。 第三部分,首先探讨“明明德”、“新民”到“止于至善”的过渡,明晰“至善”和“止于至善”的区别,指出“明明德”和“新民”落到实处就在于“止于至善”；其次指出朱子对“止于至善”内涵的诠释有两方面,一方面指出“止于至善”不仅为己,也为人,一方面和小学之工夫相较,“止于至善”是为大学之工夫,也是朱子内圣外王思想或者说是圣人为己之学思想的建构。 第四部分,以阳明和船山思想为例,讲述朱子分经别传的《大学》文本(《大学章句》)对后世思想家的影响。 第五部分也是最后余论部分,进一步指出朱子一生可以说是和《四书》思想共同发展、丰富的一生。其对《大学》义理的诠释过程也是朱子之理由初期探索、发展至逐步完善的过程,而任何思想家的思想完善过程是十分复杂的,朱子心性论的建构就是例证,对于朱子思想的把握也是需要一个不断深化地过程。
[Abstract]:The mature process of Zhu Zi's thought can be said to be the common development and enrichment of the four Books. Watching the whole process of his life, Zhu Zi devoted her life to the University. "Mingde", "close to the people" and "stop at the end of goodness" are not only the summary of Zhu Zi's "University", but also the concentrated embodiment of Zhu Zi's thought of Neo-Confucianism. This article takes Zhu Zi's Neo-Confucianism thought as the background, with its annotation of "Mingde", "Xinmin" and "stop to the goodness" as the main content, through the following several parts to grasp Zhu Zi's thought of "University": the first part, Discuss Zhu Zi's thought course of discovering Mingde. By explaining the categories of "Tao", "reason" and "virtue" and clarifying the relationship between "morality", "Mingde" and "Mingde", it is pointed out that Zhu Zi's understanding and grasp of "Mingde" is based on the construction of his Neo-Confucianism thought. The process of understanding and perfecting the thought of "Mingde" is that "people have conscience" and "body", "渭" is obtained from the sky and the bright and upright "get" from themselves, but not from the Ming Dynasty. This process of change contains the perfection process of Zhu Zi's thought of Neo-Confucianism and the theory of Gongfu. The second part first discusses the transition from "Mingde" to "Xinmin", and points out that "Mingde" is an adult, and "Xinmin" is an object, which refers to different subjects and objects. On the one hand, it is the construction of its Neo-Confucianism thought, on the other hand, it contains abundant Confucian enlightenment thought. The third part first discusses the transition from "Mingde", "Xinmin" to "stop to goodness", and points out that the difference between "Mingde" and "New people" lies in "stopping at the best". Secondly, it points out that there are two aspects in Zhu Zi's interpretation of the connotation of "stop at the best". On the one hand, he points out that "stop at the best" is not only for oneself but also for others, and on the other hand, compared with the work of elementary school, "stop at the best" is for the work of the university. It is also the construction of Zhu Zi's thought of internal, holy and external king, or the thought of sage's learning for himself. In the fourth part, taking Yangming and Chuanshan as an example, the author discusses the influence of Zhu Zi's "University > text (" University Chapter sentence ") on the later thinkers. The fifth part is also the last part, further points out that Zhu's life can be said to be the development and rich life with the thought of the four Books. The process of explaining the righteousness and principle of "University" is also a process of initial exploration and gradual improvement of Zhu Zi's reasons. However, the process of ideological perfection of any thinker is very complicated. The construction of Zhu Zi's theory of mind and nature is a case in point. The grasp of Zhu Zi's thought also needs a process of continuous deepening.
【学位授予单位】：云南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：B244.7;B222.1
本文编号：2260658
[Abstract]:The mature process of Zhu Zi's thought can be said to be the common development and enrichment of the four Books. Watching the whole process of his life, Zhu Zi devoted her life to the University. "Mingde", "close to the people" and "stop at the end of goodness" are not only the summary of Zhu Zi's "University", but also the concentrated embodiment of Zhu Zi's thought of Neo-Confucianism. This article takes Zhu Zi's Neo-Confucianism thought as the background, with its annotation of "Mingde", "Xinmin" and "stop to the goodness" as the main content, through the following several parts to grasp Zhu Zi's thought of "University": the first part, Discuss Zhu Zi's thought course of discovering Mingde. By explaining the categories of "Tao", "reason" and "virtue" and clarifying the relationship between "morality", "Mingde" and "Mingde", it is pointed out that Zhu Zi's understanding and grasp of "Mingde" is based on the construction of his Neo-Confucianism thought. The process of understanding and perfecting the thought of "Mingde" is that "people have conscience" and "body", "渭" is obtained from the sky and the bright and upright "get" from themselves, but not from the Ming Dynasty. This process of change contains the perfection process of Zhu Zi's thought of Neo-Confucianism and the theory of Gongfu. The second part first discusses the transition from "Mingde" to "Xinmin", and points out that "Mingde" is an adult, and "Xinmin" is an object, which refers to different subjects and objects. On the one hand, it is the construction of its Neo-Confucianism thought, on the other hand, it contains abundant Confucian enlightenment thought. The third part first discusses the transition from "Mingde", "Xinmin" to "stop to goodness", and points out that the difference between "Mingde" and "New people" lies in "stopping at the best". Secondly, it points out that there are two aspects in Zhu Zi's interpretation of the connotation of "stop at the best". On the one hand, he points out that "stop at the best" is not only for oneself but also for others, and on the other hand, compared with the work of elementary school, "stop at the best" is for the work of the university. It is also the construction of Zhu Zi's thought of internal, holy and external king, or the thought of sage's learning for himself. In the fourth part, taking Yangming and Chuanshan as an example, the author discusses the influence of Zhu Zi's "University > text (" University Chapter sentence ") on the later thinkers. The fifth part is also the last part, further points out that Zhu's life can be said to be the development and rich life with the thought of the four Books. The process of explaining the righteousness and principle of "University" is also a process of initial exploration and gradual improvement of Zhu Zi's reasons. However, the process of ideological perfection of any thinker is very complicated. The construction of Zhu Zi's theory of mind and nature is a case in point. The grasp of Zhu Zi's thought also needs a process of continuous deepening.
【学位授予单位】：云南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：B244.7;B222.1
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2 刘依平;;《大学》经典地位的确立与宋代理学的关系[J];现代哲学;2012年06期
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