差异、交集与互补——雅斯贝斯“轴心期”理论与张光直“连续性”“突破性”理论的比较

发布时间：2018-10-29 21:28

【摘要】：文章是对张光直的"连续性""突破性"理论与雅斯贝斯的"轴心期"理论做比较考察。毫无疑问,雅斯贝斯的"轴心期"理论与张光直的"连续性""突破性"理论首先是两种关注点非常不同的理论,不同点包括:关心的问题、研究对象、对象特征、涉及时间以及历史意义。但是,我们又应当看到:这两种理论其实是存在交集的。因为,其中都涉及了文明传统以及对传统的突破问题、文明形态之间特别是东西方文明形态之间的差别问题以及有关文化或文明定位、定性的思考。由此,对张光直的"连续性""突破性"理论与雅斯贝斯的"轴心期"理论之间做一番比较考察或许是一件十分有意思的事情。文章所关注的主要问题有:首先,涉及"轴心期"理论与"连续性""突破性"理论的各自面向;进而,无论是雅斯贝斯的"轴心期"理论,还是张光直的"连续性""突破性"理论,都会涉及文明进程问题、文明类型问题以及文明发展中的法则问题,这具体又涉及普遍与特殊、必然与偶然的问题;最后,通过考察雅斯贝斯的"轴心期"理论与张光直的"连续性"理论,我们也会发现二者都有各自的长处,但也存在各自的缺陷。
[Abstract]:This paper is a comparative study of Zhang Guangzhi's "continuity" breakthrough "theory and Jaspers's" axis period "theory. There is no doubt that Jaspers's "axis period" theory and Zhang Guangzhi's "continuity" and "breakthrough" theory are, first of all, two very different theories of concern. The differences include: issues of concern, objects of study, and characteristics of objects. Involving time and historical significance. However, we should also see that these two theories are actually intersecting. All of them involve the problems of civilization tradition and its breakthrough, the difference between civilization forms, especially between eastern and western civilization forms, as well as the qualitative thinking about the orientation of culture or civilization. Therefore, it may be very interesting to compare Zhang Guangzhi's "continuity" breakthrough "theory with Jaspers's" axis period "theory. The main problems concerned in this paper are as follows: firstly, the theory of "axis period" and "continuity" and "breakthrough" are concerned; Furthermore, whether it is Jaspers's "axis period" theory or Zhang Guangzhi's "continuity" breakthrough "theory, it will involve the progress of civilization, the type of civilization, and the law of civilization development. This specifically involves the problems of universality and particularity, necessity and fortuitousness; Finally, by examining Jaspers's "axis period" theory and Zhang Guangzheng's "continuity" theory, we also find that both of them have their own strengths, but they also have their own defects.
【作者单位】：上海师范大学哲学与法政学院;
【基金】：上海高校高峰高原学科建设项目成果
【分类号】：B261;B516.53

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