如何奠定历史唯物主义的“理论哲学基
发布时间：2018-11-23 16:54
【摘要】：关于历史唯物主义的理论哲学基础,恩格斯借由"自然辩证法"所给出的"补足"工作,一直受到西方马克思主义者的诟病,以至于像马尔库塞这样的西方马克思主义者甚至还得出了"辩证唯物主义即历史唯物主义的另一名词"这样的判断。但从当代分析哲学的视角看,实践哲学面相鲜明的历史唯物主义体系,不可能不在诸如"个体""人性""国家""交换价值"等议题上给出此种或彼种的本体论承诺,因此,经由这些承诺而为历史唯物主义重塑形而上学话语框架的研究规划,也完全可以在今日分析形而上学的新语境中得到重启。具体而言,由威廉姆斯、坎贝尔等澳大利亚唯物论者提出的"蕴相殊"理论,便可以为重塑历史唯物主义提供必要的形而上学资源,因为这种同时拒斥了亚里士多德实体论与柏拉图共相论的当代唯名论理论,能够较为顺畅地解释历史唯物主义者何以在政治哲学与政治经济学的层面上能够同时拒斥实体主义与柏拉图主义的种种变种。蕴相殊论与马克思主义的这种联合,最终还将帮助后者化解一部分反马克思主义者对于马克思主义的"相对主义指控",由此使得马克思主义的立场更容易得到辩护。
[Abstract]:On the theoretical and philosophical basis of historical materialism, Engels has been criticized by Western Marxists for his "complement" work given by Dialectics of Nature. Western Marxists like Marcuse even came to the conclusion that dialectical materialism is another term of historical materialism. However, from the perspective of contemporary analytical philosophy, it is impossible for the historical materialism system of practical philosophy to give such ontological promises as "individual", "human nature", "state" and "exchange value" on such issues as "individual", "human nature", "state" and "exchange value". Through these promises, the research program of reshaping the metaphysical discourse framework for historical materialism can also be restarted in the new context of metaphysics analysis today. Specifically, the theory of "disparity" put forward by Australian materialists such as Williams and Campbell can provide the necessary metaphysical resources for remolding historical materialism. Because this contemporary nominalist theory of Aristotle's entity and Plato's universalism is rejected at the same time. It can explain more smoothly how historical materialists can reject the variety of both entity and Platonism at the level of political philosophy and political economy. The combination of the theory of difference and Marxism will eventually help the latter to defuse the "relativistic accusations" of some anti-Marxists against Marxism, thus making it easier to defend the position of Marxism.
【作者单位】： 复旦大学哲学学院;
【基金】：国家社科重大项目“基于信息技术哲学的当代认识论研究”(15ZDB020)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：B03
，
本文编号：2352143
[Abstract]:On the theoretical and philosophical basis of historical materialism, Engels has been criticized by Western Marxists for his "complement" work given by Dialectics of Nature. Western Marxists like Marcuse even came to the conclusion that dialectical materialism is another term of historical materialism. However, from the perspective of contemporary analytical philosophy, it is impossible for the historical materialism system of practical philosophy to give such ontological promises as "individual", "human nature", "state" and "exchange value" on such issues as "individual", "human nature", "state" and "exchange value". Through these promises, the research program of reshaping the metaphysical discourse framework for historical materialism can also be restarted in the new context of metaphysics analysis today. Specifically, the theory of "disparity" put forward by Australian materialists such as Williams and Campbell can provide the necessary metaphysical resources for remolding historical materialism. Because this contemporary nominalist theory of Aristotle's entity and Plato's universalism is rejected at the same time. It can explain more smoothly how historical materialists can reject the variety of both entity and Platonism at the level of political philosophy and political economy. The combination of the theory of difference and Marxism will eventually help the latter to defuse the "relativistic accusations" of some anti-Marxists against Marxism, thus making it easier to defend the position of Marxism.
【作者单位】： 复旦大学哲学学院;
【基金】：国家社科重大项目“基于信息技术哲学的当代认识论研究”(15ZDB020)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：B03
，
本文编号：2352143
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