萨特:人学辩证法对历史唯物主义的“重建”
发布时间：2018-12-07 18:32
【摘要】：萨特用批判性的新人本学重建历史唯物主义。在《辩证理性批判》中,萨特首先批评苏联马克思主义实证方法论导致其理论存在"人学空场",质疑辩证唯物主义作为历史唯物主义基础的合理性。然后萨特创立了个人辩证法,并将个人的实践经验作为辩证法的来源,将个人活动纳入到社会历史考察中,严格将辩证法限定在历史领域,否定自然辩证法存在的必要性。最后萨特用人学辩证法阐释先验性和必然性的统一,自由与历史必然的辩证统一,思维与实践的统一,个人与历史整体化的统一。萨特的人学辩证法对反对教条主义和实证主义思维方式有重要作用,丰富了马克思主义的基本命题的内容,提供了重建历史唯物主义的新理论范式与视角,具有重要的理论意义。但是其理论的建构缺乏科学的学理基础,不失为一种遗憾。
[Abstract]:Sartre reconstructs historical materialism with critical rookie learning. In the critique of Dialectical reason, Sartre first criticizes that the empirical methodology of Marxism in the Soviet Union leads to the existence of "the empty field of human studies" in its theory, and questions the rationality of dialectical materialism as the foundation of historical materialism. Then Sartre created personal dialectics, and took personal practical experience as the source of dialectics, brought personal activities into the social and historical investigation, strictly restricted dialectics to the historical field, negated the necessity of the existence of natural dialectics. Finally, Sartre's dialectics explains the unity of transcendence and inevitability, the dialectical unity of freedom and historical necessity, the unity of thinking and practice, and the unity of individual and historical integration. Sartre's human dialectics plays an important role in opposing dogmatism and positivism, enriches the content of the basic proposition of Marxism, and provides a new theoretical paradigm and perspective for rebuilding historical materialism. It has important theoretical significance. But its theory construction lacks the scientific theory foundation, is one kind of regret.
【作者单位】： 中国财政科学研究院博士后流动站;
【分类号】：B03
本文编号：2367639
[Abstract]:Sartre reconstructs historical materialism with critical rookie learning. In the critique of Dialectical reason, Sartre first criticizes that the empirical methodology of Marxism in the Soviet Union leads to the existence of "the empty field of human studies" in its theory, and questions the rationality of dialectical materialism as the foundation of historical materialism. Then Sartre created personal dialectics, and took personal practical experience as the source of dialectics, brought personal activities into the social and historical investigation, strictly restricted dialectics to the historical field, negated the necessity of the existence of natural dialectics. Finally, Sartre's dialectics explains the unity of transcendence and inevitability, the dialectical unity of freedom and historical necessity, the unity of thinking and practice, and the unity of individual and historical integration. Sartre's human dialectics plays an important role in opposing dogmatism and positivism, enriches the content of the basic proposition of Marxism, and provides a new theoretical paradigm and perspective for rebuilding historical materialism. It has important theoretical significance. But its theory construction lacks the scientific theory foundation, is one kind of regret.
【作者单位】： 中国财政科学研究院博士后流动站;
【分类号】：B03
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