高攀龙实学思想研究
发布时间：2018-12-18 13:16
【摘要】：晚明时期政治黑暗、社会矛盾尖锐,封建制度走向没落。面对朱子学支离拘滞和王学末流谈空说玄尽显,为了重建儒家道德思想,高攀龙倡导正人心、正学术、正政事、以期拯末世之乱,挽大厦之倾。他宗本程朱,坚持性善、倡习悟并重、本体功夫并重,弘扬经世致用。他的道德实践理论和经世济国主张开启了求真务实的风尚,为明末清初的实学思潮的出现打下了一定的基础。“实学”思想是其博大思想体系中很有价值的组成部分,是对儒家经世精神的弘扬广大,对宋明理学的理气、心性、身心、格物致知等核心命题批判性地继承,极具有时代特色和哲学价值。对此展开研究,有助于我们更好地把握中国古代哲学发展成就与脉络,光大民族文化。本文主要采取文献研究方法,从原典文献《高子遗书》、《东林书院志》等文本出发,大量查阅相关论文论著,充分借鉴已有研究成果,运用历史与逻辑相统一的方法,最大限度还原历史人物及其所处时代的本来面目,力图对高攀龙实学思想的形成、内容和价值,做出客观、全面的认识。本文分三个部分对高攀龙实学思想展开研究。第一部分从晚明政治、经济、文化、思想嬗变四个角度对高攀龙实学思想的历史背景展开论述,从儒家的经世传统、程朱理学的理性精神和明代各家学说三个层面阐述高攀龙实学思想的渊源。第二部分从高攀龙“实理” “实心”的实践哲学切入,论述其“实修”“实行”的道德修养观,再到其推己及人的“实事”“实政”理念。即按心——身——家国层面,对高攀龙实学之根、之干、之果做递进剖析,清晰地展示高子的实学思想的内在逻辑,即从形而上道德性命之实学入形而下功利之实学的过程。从其救世实践的“事功实学”角度上看,主要含有四个层面:重民安民的民本思想、兴利除弊的革新思想、恤商护商的重商思想和立教兴学的教育思想。本文最后一部分对高攀龙实学思想做辩证评价。既阐述了其积极作用,又客观看待其历史的、理论上的局限性。从积极作用上看,高攀龙等人开启的实学思想光大了儒家优秀传统,维护了传统文化的根脉,扭转了空虚的学风,推动了明末清初实学高潮的到来。局限性方面,高子的实学思想还是基于理学,回归到程朱,偏重道德,没有根本性的创新和突破,这是理论的缺陷。忠君报国、恪守纲常,学术融于政治,其结果是学术难扬,抱负未酬,这既是个人之悲,更是时代之限。高攀龙道德文章于古于今,高山仰止,堪称一代儒宗,其思想体系中的教育思想丰富,值得探究借鉴。同时,他为民请命的家国情怀、不惧生死的高尚人格更应该是中华民族需要传承的宝贵财富,薪火相传,哲学界与此当有大责焉。
[Abstract]:In the late Ming Dynasty, the politics was dark, the social contradiction was sharp, and the feudal system was declining. In the face of Zhu Zi's academic support and Wang Xueyu's empty theory, in order to rebuild the Confucian moral thought, Gao Panlong advocated that the people should be upright, academic and political affairs, in order to save the chaos of the last world and pull the edifice. He insisted on good nature, advocate learning and understanding, Noumenon Kung Fu as much emphasis, carry forward the world into use. His theory of moral practice and the proposition of Jingshi and Jiguo opened the trend of seeking truth and pragmatism, which laid a foundation for the emergence of the trend of practical thought in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. The thought of "practical study" is a very valuable part of its broad ideological system, and it is a critical inheritance of the core propositions of Confucianism, such as promoting the Confucian spirit of governing the world, and carrying forward the core propositions of Song Ming's rationalism, mind, body and mind, knowledge of objects, and so on. It has the characteristics of the times and the value of philosophy. It is helpful for us to grasp the development of ancient Chinese philosophy. This article mainly adopts the literature research method, embarks from the original classics document "Gao Zi's sequel", "Donglin Academy Records" and so on text, massive consult the related paper treatises, fully draws lessons from the existing research achievement, uses the historical and logical unification method. It tries to make an objective and comprehensive understanding of the formation, content and value of the thought of "Gao Pan-long", which is to restore to the greatest extent the historical figures and the true features of the era in which they live. This article divides into three parts to carry out the research to the Gao Pan long study thought. The first part discusses the historical background of the thought from the four angles of politics, economy, culture and ideological evolution in the late Ming Dynasty. The rational spirit of Neo-Confucianism of Cheng Zhu and various theories of Ming Dynasty expounded the origin of Gao Pan-long 's theory of practical study. In the second part, from the practical philosophy of Gao Panlong, the author discusses his moral cultivation view of "practice" and his "practical affairs" and "real government" concept. That is to say, at the level of heart, body, family and country, this paper analyzes the root, the work and the fruit of the higher learning, and clearly shows the inner logic of Gao Zi's practical thought, that is, the process from the metaphysical moral life to the metaphysical practical learning of moral life. From the point of view of "practical learning" in its practice of saving the world, it mainly contains four levels: the people-oriented thought of emphasizing the people and the people, the idea of doing good things, the innovating thought of removing the malpractice, the mercantilism thought of compassionate merchants and the educational thought of establishing education and building up learning. In the last part of this paper, the dialectical evaluation is made on the thought of Hop-Pan long-learning. It not only expounds its positive role, but also objectively views its historical, theoretical limitations. From a positive point of view, Gao Panlong and other people opened the practical thought of the Confucian tradition, maintaining the roots of traditional culture, reversing the empty style of study, and promoting the arrival of the upsurge of practical learning in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. In terms of limitation, Gao Zi's practical thought is still based on Neo-Confucianism, returning to Cheng Zhu, with emphasis on morality, without fundamental innovation and breakthrough, which is the defect of theory. Loyalty to the monarch to serve the country, to abide by the principles, academic fusion in politics, the result is academic difficulty, unremunerated ambition, this is not only personal sorrow, but also the time limit. Gao Panlong moral article in ancient times, respect for moral people, can be called a generation of Confucianism, its ideological system of education thought is rich, worthy of exploration and reference. At the same time, his family feelings for the people, not afraid of life and death of the noble personality should be the Chinese nation need to inherit the precious wealth, fire, philosophy should have a great responsibility.
【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B248.99
本文编号：2385910
[Abstract]:In the late Ming Dynasty, the politics was dark, the social contradiction was sharp, and the feudal system was declining. In the face of Zhu Zi's academic support and Wang Xueyu's empty theory, in order to rebuild the Confucian moral thought, Gao Panlong advocated that the people should be upright, academic and political affairs, in order to save the chaos of the last world and pull the edifice. He insisted on good nature, advocate learning and understanding, Noumenon Kung Fu as much emphasis, carry forward the world into use. His theory of moral practice and the proposition of Jingshi and Jiguo opened the trend of seeking truth and pragmatism, which laid a foundation for the emergence of the trend of practical thought in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. The thought of "practical study" is a very valuable part of its broad ideological system, and it is a critical inheritance of the core propositions of Confucianism, such as promoting the Confucian spirit of governing the world, and carrying forward the core propositions of Song Ming's rationalism, mind, body and mind, knowledge of objects, and so on. It has the characteristics of the times and the value of philosophy. It is helpful for us to grasp the development of ancient Chinese philosophy. This article mainly adopts the literature research method, embarks from the original classics document "Gao Zi's sequel", "Donglin Academy Records" and so on text, massive consult the related paper treatises, fully draws lessons from the existing research achievement, uses the historical and logical unification method. It tries to make an objective and comprehensive understanding of the formation, content and value of the thought of "Gao Pan-long", which is to restore to the greatest extent the historical figures and the true features of the era in which they live. This article divides into three parts to carry out the research to the Gao Pan long study thought. The first part discusses the historical background of the thought from the four angles of politics, economy, culture and ideological evolution in the late Ming Dynasty. The rational spirit of Neo-Confucianism of Cheng Zhu and various theories of Ming Dynasty expounded the origin of Gao Pan-long 's theory of practical study. In the second part, from the practical philosophy of Gao Panlong, the author discusses his moral cultivation view of "practice" and his "practical affairs" and "real government" concept. That is to say, at the level of heart, body, family and country, this paper analyzes the root, the work and the fruit of the higher learning, and clearly shows the inner logic of Gao Zi's practical thought, that is, the process from the metaphysical moral life to the metaphysical practical learning of moral life. From the point of view of "practical learning" in its practice of saving the world, it mainly contains four levels: the people-oriented thought of emphasizing the people and the people, the idea of doing good things, the innovating thought of removing the malpractice, the mercantilism thought of compassionate merchants and the educational thought of establishing education and building up learning. In the last part of this paper, the dialectical evaluation is made on the thought of Hop-Pan long-learning. It not only expounds its positive role, but also objectively views its historical, theoretical limitations. From a positive point of view, Gao Panlong and other people opened the practical thought of the Confucian tradition, maintaining the roots of traditional culture, reversing the empty style of study, and promoting the arrival of the upsurge of practical learning in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. In terms of limitation, Gao Zi's practical thought is still based on Neo-Confucianism, returning to Cheng Zhu, with emphasis on morality, without fundamental innovation and breakthrough, which is the defect of theory. Loyalty to the monarch to serve the country, to abide by the principles, academic fusion in politics, the result is academic difficulty, unremunerated ambition, this is not only personal sorrow, but also the time limit. Gao Panlong moral article in ancient times, respect for moral people, can be called a generation of Confucianism, its ideological system of education thought is rich, worthy of exploration and reference. At the same time, his family feelings for the people, not afraid of life and death of the noble personality should be the Chinese nation need to inherit the precious wealth, fire, philosophy should have a great responsibility.
【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B248.99
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 王卫平;;实念与实事:晚明高攀龙的救世理念与实践[J];中国史研究;2015年03期
，本文编号：2385910
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/zhexuezongjiaolunwen/2385910.html
