西方近代自然法观念的历史流变

发布时间：2018-01-16 10:10

本文关键词：西方近代自然法观念的历史流变　出处：《人文杂志》2017年01期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：西方近代自然法观念历数百年之久,有着极为复杂的理论谱系。着眼于新的政治秩序的建构及其正当性的澄清,近代自然法或"世俗化的自然法"开始出场。对此,格劳秀斯通过将经院哲学那里的普遍的道德规范归之到一个基本的内核中,既肯定了自然法的道德维度,又凸显了强烈的个体主义倾向。以霍布斯和洛克为代表的自然法学家则沿着不同的路径,前者从自我保全的基本欲望出发,发展了自然法的个体主义传统,后者从上帝与人之间的产品模型关系出发,强调自然法对人的目的性积极义务,以及由这种义务所派生出来的一系列道德规范。就此而言,近代自然法学家们并未为我们构筑一幅统一的理论图景,因而不能简单地将近代自然法置于某种单一的传统中。
[Abstract]:The concept of modern natural law in the West has been in existence for hundreds of years, with a view to the construction of a new political order and the clarification of its legitimacy, with a view to the construction of a new political order and the clarification of its legitimacy. Modern natural law or "secularized natural law" began to appear. For this reason, Grotius affirmed the moral dimension of natural law by classifying the universal moral norms of Confucian philosophy into a basic core. The natural jurists represented by Hobbes and Locke followed different paths. The former developed the individualism tradition of natural law from the basic desire of self-preservation. The latter, based on the product model relationship between God and man, emphasizes the positive obligations of natural law to human beings and a series of moral norms derived from such obligations. Modern natural law scientists have not constructed a unified theoretical picture for us, so they can not simply put modern natural law in a single tradition.
【作者单位】：陕西师范大学哲学系;
【基金】：国家社科基金年度项目“洛克早期政治哲学:翻译与研究”(13BZX060)
【分类号】：D909.1
【正文快照】： 自然法是西方思想传统中最为古老的观念之一,经数千年的发展,拥有一套极为复杂的观念史谱系。从柏拉图和亚里士多德、斯多葛学派和西塞罗、奥古斯丁和圣托马斯、胡克与格劳秀斯、塞尔格与霍布斯、普芬道夫与洛克的道德和政治哲学中,我们都能看到其各自呈现出来的自然法理论图

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