中日环境犯罪立法的比较研究

发布时间：2018-01-16 19:09

本文关键词：中日环境犯罪立法的比较研究　出处：《贵州民族学院》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：伴随我国经济的高速发展,人与环境间的矛盾突显。从刑事法的角度对环境污染犯罪进行规制意义重大。通过对日本刑法中关于环境污染犯罪的规定进行总结与归纳,并与我国刑法中有关环境污染犯罪的规定进行比较。发现我国环境犯罪立法中存在的诸多问题,并提出切实可行的立法建议。文章在对我国与日本的环境犯罪概念进行界定的基础上,回顾了两国环境犯罪立法的发展,并对两国刑事立法的现状特征进行了归纳和评析,发现我国刑事立法对环境犯罪的规定呈现专节惩治环境犯罪、拓宽了环境犯罪适用范围、增加了环境犯罪中单位的责任、加大了环境犯罪的处罚等特点。并从法律渊源角度讲,从刑法典到特别刑法和附属刑法,对日本刑事法中环境犯罪的规定进行梳理。在前述归纳总结中日两国环境犯罪刑事立法的基础上,发现我国环境犯罪立法存在立法体系不科学、保护范围过窄、罪状描述不清、无危险犯的规定、环境犯罪刑罚种类单一等问题。发现日本环境犯罪立法注重罚金刑等财产刑、处罚法人、设立危险犯、对环境犯罪的认定考虑故意或过失等优点。最后,提出完善我国环境犯罪立法的建议,确定了预防性、范围适度性、具体与抽象相结合、前瞻性等原则。并具体的提出了应规定罪刑明确而独立的非刑事法律规范、应使各法条的量刑标准统一化等立法建议。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of our economy. From the angle of criminal law, it is of great significance to regulate environmental pollution crimes. Through the summary and induction of the provisions of Japanese criminal law on environmental pollution crimes. Compared with the provisions of our country's criminal law on environmental pollution crime, the author finds out many problems existing in the legislation of environmental crime in our country, and puts forward some feasible legislative suggestions. On the basis of defining the concept of environmental crime in China and Japan, this paper reviews the development of the legislation of environmental crime in the two countries, and summarizes and comments on the characteristics of the present situation of the criminal legislation of the two countries. It is found that the provisions of our country's criminal legislation on environmental crimes present a special section to punish environmental crimes, widen the scope of application of environmental crimes, and increase the responsibility of units in environmental crimes. From the angle of legal source, from the criminal code to the special criminal law and the subsidiary criminal law, the article combs the provisions of the environmental crime in the Japanese criminal law. On the basis of summing up the criminal legislation of environmental crime in China and Japan, we find that the legislation system is unscientific, the scope of protection is too narrow, the description of crime is not clear, and there is no dangerous crime. It is found that the legislation of environmental crime pays attention to the property penalty such as fine punishment, punishes the law person, establishes the dangerous crime, and considers intentional or negligent in the determination of the environmental crime. Finally, it puts forward some suggestions to perfect the legislation of environmental crime in our country, and determines the preventive, moderate scope, concrete and abstract combination. The author also puts forward some legislative suggestions, such as the clear and independent non-criminal legal norms of crime and punishment, and the unification of sentencing standards of various articles of law, and so on.
【学位授予单位】：贵州民族学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D924.3;D931.3

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