论法律移植效果

发布时间：2018-01-21 05:02

本文关键词： 法律移植法律移植效果特定的功能本土资源　出处：《重庆大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着现代交通通讯技术的飞速发展,经济全球化进程不断加快。在这一背景下,法律正发生着全方位的适应性变革与重构,全球法律趋同化的格局逐渐形成。要实现我国法制现代化,大规模的法律移植是低成本且便捷的方式,也是必然选择。通过对人类历史上法律移植现象的回顾,来对影响法律移植效果的因素进行研究,对于提高法律移植的成功率具有重要意义。中外众多法学家都对法律移植下过各自的定义,至今尚未形成为学界所公认的统一概念。通过对中外众多法学家关于法律移植观点的综合,并对法律移植诸内涵进行剖析之后,法律移植基本上可以这样定义:法律移植是将被移植方的法律制度、法律原则和法律思想吸收到国内来,通过改造、整合,溶入到本国的制度、原则、思想和学说之中,使其成为本国法的一部分并加以实施。判定法律移植成败的标准,是法律移植能否发挥“特定的功能”,也就是能否促进经济发展,而非以法律的本土化作为成功的根据。为了更好地理解法律移植的效果,有必要对法律移植的典型案例进行评析。美国法对英国法进行移植并改造,最终形成了在世界范围内具有重要影响的英美法系。日本在大规模移植西方法律后经济取得了飞速发展,成为公认的法律移植成功的典型。我国的邻国越南却因为种种原因导致其法律移植的失败。它们的成败对我国都有很大的借鉴和参考价值。移植的法律在异国发挥效果并不容易,它受到外部因素和内部因素的影响和制约。外部因素包括经济、政治、文化等因素,法律移植的成功需要符合经济发展的客观规律,同时也需要政治的支持和文化的认同。此外,法律内部因素如法律词汇、法律结构等也会影响法律移植的效果。法律移植要取得成功,不仅要对移植法本身进行本土化改造,还应适当改造本土环境以利于移植法更好地在本土发挥作用。我国当前进行法律移植存在诸多的困难和不足,苏联法和传统法律文化的消极成分成为我国法律移植成功和法制现代化的障碍。清除这些障碍,大力引进外国先进的法律制度、理论和文化,使得具有普世价值的法律与我国本土资源相结合,让移植法融入到我国的法律体系,才能更快实现我国法制现代化。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of modern transportation and communication technology, the process of economic globalization is accelerating. Under this background, the law is undergoing all-around adaptive transformation and reconstruction. In order to realize the modernization of China's legal system, large-scale legal transplantation is a low-cost and convenient way, and is also an inevitable choice. Through the review of the phenomenon of legal transplantation in human history. It is of great significance to improve the success rate of legal transplantation by studying the factors that affect the effect of legal transplantation. Many jurists at home and abroad have made their own definitions of legal transplantation, but have not yet formed a unified concept that has been recognized by scholars. Through the synthesis of the views of many jurists at home and abroad on legal transplantation. After analyzing the connotation of legal transplantation, legal transplantation can be basically defined as follows: legal transplantation is to absorb the legal system, legal principles and legal ideas of the transplanted party into the country, through transformation, integration. Incorporated into the system, principle, thought and doctrine of our country, it becomes a part of the national law and carries out. The criterion of judging the success or failure of the law transplantation is whether the law transplant can play a "specific function". That is, whether or not to promote economic development, rather than the localization of the law as the basis for success. In order to better understand the effect of law transplantation, it is necessary to evaluate the typical cases of law transplantation. Finally, the Anglo-American legal system with important influence in the world was formed. Japan made rapid economic development after the large-scale transplantation of western laws. Vietnam, China's neighboring country, has failed in its legal transplant due to various reasons. Their success or failure has great reference value for our country. The law of transplantation is not easy to exert its effect in foreign countries. It is influenced and restricted by external and internal factors. External factors include economic, political, cultural and other factors. The success of legal transplantation needs the objective law of economic development, political support and cultural identity. In addition, the internal factors of law, such as legal vocabulary. Legal structure will also affect the effect of legal transplantation. In order to succeed, not only the transplant law itself should be localized. It is also necessary to modify the local environment properly in order to help the transplant method to play a better role in the local area. There are many difficulties and deficiencies in carrying out the legal transplantation in our country at present. The negative elements of the Soviet law and the traditional legal culture have become the obstacles to the success of the legal transplantation and the modernization of the legal system in our country. The introduction of foreign advanced legal system, theory and culture, so that the universal value of the law and our local resources combined, so that the transplant law into the legal system of our country. Only then can we realize the modernization of our country's legal system more quickly.
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D90

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