日本遗失物法研究

发布时间：2018-02-01 09:17

本文关键词： 拾得遗失物日本制度法学原理研究　出处：《吉林大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：拾得遗失物作为一项法律制度,与人们的日常生活紧密相关。遗失物作为一种财物,它的形态和价值是很宽泛的,小到眼镜钥匙、大到珠宝首饰、公司支票,这些财物的遗失给遗失人带来的不只是财物本身价值的损失,更造成了生活和工作上很大的不便。从宏观的角度来说,在遗失物的问题上如果没有一个完善的制度,使拾金不昧者不能得到法律的正确评价,不能产生荣誉感,使那些小额财物的拾得者无须为自己的行为而负责,长此以往,我国传统的拾金不昧的优良美德,以及“路不拾遗”的善良风气都将无法有效地得以传承,而且也难以建立相互信赖的、诚实信用的社会,从而阻碍构建和谐社会的进程。综上,完善的拾得遗失物制度是构建和谐社会、引导善良风俗的重要的法律制度保障。我想分为四个部分,分别从其历史发展沿革、基本原理以及主要制度来逐步对日本遗失物法进行了详细的研究,并在第四部分通过对我国遗失物法现状与针对我国国情的现存课题的比较,以寻求对我国遗失物法的启示。第一部分：日本遗失物法的发展沿革。从日本近代对遗失物制度有完整的成文法典开始,逐一对其发展的历史背景与沿革的历程进行分析,以寻求法律在针对现实生活中的问题所构建制度的发展轨迹。第二部分：日本遗失物法的基本理念。在这一部分中明确在日本遗失物法中出现的基础性概念的定义,并且将这一关系中的四大主体所享有的权利与承担的义务进行了细致的分析,从而来看日本遗失物法是如何通过权利义务的平衡来构建这一完善的制度的。第三部分：日本遗失物法的主要制度。对于主要制度进行研究与探讨。第四部分：日本遗失物法对我国相关立法的启示。我国民法中对于遗失物法的相关规定仅仅只有几个法条,还谈不上构建了遗失物制度,在遗失物制度的法律构建上依然任重而道远。我想通过研究能够在我国进一步地完善拾得人的权利,使之与其所负担的义务相平衡,在我国尽快建立起来一套完善的拾得遗失物制度,使各个环节能够充分地运行起来,以实现物尽其用的现实功效与引导良善社会风气的作用。
[Abstract]:As a legal system, the collection of lost property is closely related to people's daily life. As a kind of property, the form and value of the lost property is very broad, ranging from glasses keys, jewelry and company cheques. The loss of these property to the lost person is not only the loss of the value of the property itself, but also caused a lot of inconvenience in life and work. From a macro point of view. If there is no perfect system on the problem of lost property, those who have recovered money will not be able to get the correct evaluation of the law, nor will they have a sense of honor, so that those who have found small property will not have to be held responsible for their own actions. In the long run, the good virtue of our country's tradition of picking up money, and the good spirit of "finding no way", will not be able to be passed on effectively, and it is also difficult to establish a mutually trusted, honest and trustworthy society. In summary, the perfect system of picking up lost property is an important legal system guarantee for building a harmonious society and guiding good customs. I want to be divided into four parts, respectively from its historical development, basic principles and the main system to gradually carry out a detailed study of the Japanese lost property law. In the 4th part, through the comparison between the present situation of the lost property law in our country and the existing subject aimed at the situation of our country, the enlightenment to the lost property law of our country is sought. The first part: the history of the development of Japanese lost property law. From the modern Japanese lost property system has a complete written code, one by one to analyze the historical background of its development and evolution process. In order to seek the development track of the system constructed by law in view of the problems in real life. The second part: the basic idea of the Japanese lost property law. In this part, the definition of the basic concept that appears in the Japanese lost property law is clear. And the rights and obligations of the four subjects in this relationship are analyzed in detail, so as to see how the law of lost property in Japan constructs this perfect system through the balance of rights and obligations. The third part: the main system of Japanese lost property law. Part 4th: the enlightenment of the Japanese lost property law to the relevant legislation of our country. There are only a few articles about the relevant provisions of the lost property law in the civil law of our country, and the lost property system has not been constructed yet. There is still a long way to go in the legal construction of the lost property system. I want to be able to further improve the rights of pickers in our country, make it balanced with their obligations, and establish a set of perfect lost and found in our country as soon as possible. All links can be fully operated in order to realize the practical effect of making the best use of things and to guide the good social atmosphere.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D931.3;DD913

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