守法与持戒的法理学研究

发布时间：2018-02-09 19:05

本文关键词： 戒律法律规范价值　出处：《郑州大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：公民守法是法学理论研究领域的一个重要且复杂的理论课题,它在整个法学的基础理论中,占有基础的地位。公民守法的精神应该是是建立在公民主体性的基础之上,因此守法主体内心对于法律的内在观点就是一个很关键的问题,在这方面,佛教徒对于戒律的开遮持犯,这种内在的具有具有以解脱为目的的心理强制机制就有着很强的借鉴价值。佛教的戒律是佛陀这个立法者在证悟宇宙人生真相后,为了引导弟子们学修而建立的一系列行为、制度以及其他规范体系。本文从法理学的研究视角出发,探求佛教戒律背后的思想内容和理论体系,寻找在价值论上可以为现代法律所借鉴的部分,属于法学领域与佛学领域的一次理性商谈的交叉对话。在持戒方面,佛教徒内心有着强烈的心理强制,而且这种基于信仰层次的具有以解脱为目的的主动性和以“开遮持犯”的灵活性,这对于公民守法在机制方面具有借鉴的价值。笔者认为“法”有整体的、追求公正的自然法特性,处于主导性地位;而“律”则处于依循和从属地位。但是从历史的演变中,我们发现法律中“法”自然整体意义在削弱,而属于“律”的规范意义在逐渐变强。分析公民守法意识淡薄的原因,是缺乏法律信仰以及对法律之自然法部分的疏离;另外,法律体系自身的危机也是由于法律中“法”与“律”的地位错位。“律”的地位极度膨胀,“法”的地位却萎缩不显,因此,对自然界进行整体的、综合的研究是为现代法学研究的必要任务。通过对佛教戒律的产生缘起、目的和价值的分析,可以看到一个对宇宙人生进行了整体的、综合的考量后而设计实施的优秀的法律体系。佛教戒律中“法”的成分本来就存在,其产生是源于佛陀为了使世人度脱生死轮回,由此演说而有。通过对缘起理论的介绍来阐述佛教的价值观,探寻佛教戒律对于善、自由、平等这些现代法律同样重视的价值论。还介绍了佛教戒律中沙弥、沙弥尼的戒律规范和比丘、比丘尼的戒律规范等。分析了佛教戒律中相关立法制度、法律实施和监督制度等。总之,佛教戒律是以正法为核心价值、正法与正律的完美融合之理论体系,其中,以四圣谛为核心的理论是不共于法律及其他宗教戒律的根本所在,其思想对现代社会的法律建设具有很多启发意义。佛教戒律中持戒的内涵对于守法意识淡薄的当代社会也有很多借鉴意义。
[Abstract]:Citizen abiding by the law is an important and complex theoretical subject in the field of legal theory research. It occupies a basic position in the basic theory of the whole jurisprudence. The spirit of citizen abiding by the law should be based on the subject of citizen. Therefore, the inner view of the law-abiding subject about the law is a key issue. In this respect, Buddhists hold out the precepts of the precepts. This inherent psychological compulsion mechanism with the aim of liberation is of great value for reference. The precepts of Buddhism are a series of acts established by the Buddha, the legislator, in order to guide his disciples to learn and practice after realizing the truth of the universe and life. System and other normative systems. From the perspective of jurisprudence, this paper explores the ideological and theoretical system behind Buddhist precepts, and looks for the parts that can be used for reference by modern law in the theory of value. A rational dialogue between the field of law and the field of Buddhism. In keeping the precepts, Buddhists have a strong psychological compulsion in their hearts. Moreover, this kind of initiative based on belief level has the flexibility of the aim of liberation and the flexibility of "opening to cover criminals", which has the value of reference for citizens to abide by the law in the aspect of mechanism. The author thinks that "Law" has a whole. The pursuit of the nature law characteristic of justice is in the dominant position, while the "law" is in the following and subordinate position. But from the historical evolution, we find that the natural meaning of the law in the law is weakening, The normative meaning of "law" is gradually becoming stronger. The reason for the weak consciousness of citizen to abide by the law is the lack of legal belief and the alienation of the natural law part of law. The crisis of the legal system itself is also due to the dislocation of the "law" and the "law" in the law. The position of the "law" is extremely inflated, but the position of the "law" shrinks. A comprehensive study is a necessary task for the study of modern law. Through the analysis of the origin, purpose and value of the Buddhist precepts, we can see that there is an overall view of the universe and life. An excellent legal system designed and implemented after comprehensive consideration. The "Dharma" component of the Buddhist precepts already exists, and its origin stems from the Buddha's attempt to free the world from the cycle of life and death. Through the introduction of the origin theory to explain the Buddhist values, to explore the Buddhist precepts to the good, freedom, equality, such as the modern law of value. Also introduced the Buddhist precepts in the sand, Shammini's precepts and bhikkhu, Bichuni's precepts, etc. It analyzes the relevant legislative system, law enforcement and supervision system in Buddhist precepts. In a word, Buddhist precepts are based on the proper law as the core value. The theoretical system of the perfect fusion of the right Dharma and the positive Law, in which the theory with the four noble truths as the core is the fundamental part of the law and other religious precepts. Its thought has a lot of enlightening significance to the legal construction of modern society, and the connotation of holding precepts in Buddhist precepts also has a lot of reference significance for the contemporary society with weak consciousness of abiding by the law.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D90

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