新加坡刑法中的私人防卫制度

发布时间：2018-02-25 21:39

本文关键词： 私人防卫防卫人身防卫财产主观化　出处：《广西大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2017年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：作为私力救济形式之一,防卫是刑法古老、基本的免责事由。《新加坡刑法典》对私人防卫做了详实规定。私人防卫的性质,存在正当事由V.宽恕事由和否定犯罪要素V.积极抗辩之争,其属于正当事由、积极抗辩已是基本共识。《新加坡刑法典》将防卫分为防卫人身、防卫财产,并对二者的成立条件做出不同规定。防卫人身的构成要件包括侵害人身犯罪的存在、防卫必要、防卫适时、防卫相当以及对防卫相应情境的合理相信。防卫财产与防卫人身的构成条件相仿,但其与防卫人身亦有显著区别:其一,防卫针对的犯罪是法定的,且其范围狭窄,其二,防卫可以造成死亡结果的,其针对的犯罪必然同时侵害了人身或供人生活的场所的法益。《新加坡刑法典》的私人防卫,规定详实,分类明了,趋主观化,但其主观化进路面临困境,应予反思。
[Abstract]:As one of the forms of private relief, defense is an ancient criminal law, the basic reason for exemption. The Singapore Criminal Code makes detailed provisions on private defense. The nature of private defense, There is a dispute about the existence of the legitimate cause, the forgiveness of the cause of the crime, and the active defense, which belongs to the legitimate cause, and the positive defense is already the basic consensus. The Singapore Criminal Code divides the defense into the defense of the person and the defence of property. The constituent elements of defending the person include the existence of the crime against the person, the necessity of defense, and the timely defense. The composition of defence property is similar to that of defensive person, but it is also significantly different from that of defensive person: first, the crime against which defense is committed is legal, and its scope is narrow; second, If defence can result in death, the crime against which it is committed must at the same time infringe upon the legal interests of the person or the place where the person lives. The provisions of the Singapore Criminal Code on private defence are detailed, clear and subjective. However, its subjective approach faces difficulties and should be reconsidered.
【作者单位】：广西大学法学院;
【基金】：广西大学科研基金项目“美国有组织犯罪之法治实践及启示”(DD32400211002)
【分类号】：D933.9;DD914

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