论涵摄模式困境

发布时间：2018-02-26 13:17

本文关键词： 涵摄价值判断类推法官造法　出处：《西南政法大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：涵摄作为一种较传统的法律适用模式，讲究的是一种形式，一种固定的法律适用程序，在司法系统作为三段论机器时代的法律案件裁判中发挥着主导作用。近代随着社会经济的加速发展，人们的社会关系也越加复杂化，，由此引发的各种纠纷也呈现出复杂化的发展趋势，各类疑难案件大量增加。涵摄模式由于其自身的缺陷，逐渐无法适应复杂多变的司法现实需要，陷入了价值判断的困境。固定的涵摄模式无法解决蕴含着价值判断的案件的法律适用问题。文章首先对涵摄模式及涵摄模式的价值判断困境进行了分析，简要论述了涵摄，分析了涵摄模式在具体的案件裁判中陷入的价值困境。针对涵摄模式的价值判断困境问题，结合现实的案件裁判需要以及欧美国家司法实践中的一些先进制度，提出了解决涵摄模式困境的一些建议，如法律解释、类推、法官造法等。将这些新途径与涵摄模式结合起来适用于案件的裁判过程，使得案件的判决不仅能够实现法律程序正义，也能达到法律实体正义的要求，真正维护案件判断结果的公平正义。文章主要分为三大部分：第一部分，关于什么是涵摄的问题。首先对涵摄的内涵进行了阐述，综合论述了关于涵摄定义的一些观点，概括了涵摄内涵的一般理论，同时对涵摄的结构模式进行了分析。然后阐述了涵摄的特点，指出了涵摄模式的不足及优势所在，并在此基础上对涵摄与其他一些相关概念如演绎推理、法律论证等的关系及异同作了简要论述。第二部分，关于涵摄模式的困境问题。涵摄模式在近代以来受到大量批评，主要原因就是其适用过程中价值判断的缺失，认为涵摄模式过于机械，已经无法适应现代复杂多变的法制实践需求。接下来对涵摄模式与价值判断之间的关系以及涵摄价值判断缺失问题进行了分析。第三部分，涵摄模式价值判断缺失的解决途径问题，也即涵摄模式困境之出路的探索。在对疑难案件这一典型的难以使用涵摄模式的案件类型进行分析的基础上，提出了涵摄模式与价值判断互相衔接的路径。通过法律原则与法律解释的大量运用来解决涵摄模式的大前提问题，以此将价值判断蕴于涵摄模式中去。最后对类推以及法官造法这两种在一定程度上可以解决涵摄模式困境的方式进行了论述。文章的重点放在第三部分——涵摄模式价值判断缺失的解决途径问题上，针对第二部分中论述的涵摄模式困境，结合具体的案件裁判提出解决这一困境的建议。
[Abstract]:As a more traditional mode of application of the law, the culvert is concerned with a form, a fixed procedure for the application of the law. The judicial system plays a leading role in the adjudication of legal cases in the age of syllogism machine. With the rapid development of social economy in modern times, people's social relations become more and more complicated. All kinds of disputes caused by this also show a complex trend of development, and all kinds of difficult cases increase greatly. Because of its own defects, the inclusion mode is gradually unable to adapt to the complex and changeable needs of the judicial reality. In the dilemma of value judgment, the fixed inclusion mode can not solve the problem of law application in cases with value judgment. This paper first analyzes the value judgment dilemma of the culvert mode and the culvert mode, briefly discusses the culvert mode, analyzes the value dilemma that the culvert mode falls into in the concrete case adjudication, and aims at the value judgment dilemma of the culvert mode. Combined with the actual case adjudication needs and some advanced systems in the judicial practice of European and American countries, this paper puts forward some suggestions to solve the dilemma of the inclusion mode, such as legal interpretation, analogies, and so on. Judges make laws and so on. The combination of these new approaches with the inclusion model can be applied to the adjudication process of the case, so that the judgment of the case can not only achieve the justice of legal procedure, but also meet the requirements of legal substantive justice. The article is divided into three parts:. The first part is about the question of what is the inclusion. Firstly, the connotation of the inclusion is expounded, and some views about the definition of the inclusion are comprehensively discussed, and the general theory of the connotation of the inclusion is summarized. At the same time, the structural pattern of culvert is analyzed, and then the characteristics of culvert are expounded, and the deficiency and advantage of culvert mode are pointed out, and on the basis of this, some related concepts such as deductive reasoning are discussed. The relationship, similarities and differences between legal argumentation and so on are briefly discussed. The second part is about the dilemma of the inclusion mode, which has received a lot of criticism since modern times. The main reason is the lack of value judgment in the process of its application, and it is considered that the inclusion mode is too mechanical. It has been unable to meet the needs of modern complex and changeable legal practice. Then, the relationship between inclusion mode and value judgment and the lack of inclusive value judgment are analyzed. The third part, the solution to the problem of the lack of value judgment of the inclusion mode, that is, the exploration of the way out of the dilemma of the mode of inclusion, on the basis of analyzing the difficult case, which is a typical case type which is difficult to use the mode of inclusion. This paper puts forward the path of linking the inclusive mode with the value judgment. Through the extensive application of the legal principle and the legal interpretation, it solves the major premise problem of the culvert mode. In this way, the value judgment is implied in the inclusive mode. Finally, the analogies and the judge law are discussed, which can solve the dilemma of the inclusion mode to a certain extent. The emphasis of this paper is on the solution to the problem of the lack of value judgment in the third part. In view of the dilemma of the culvert mode discussed in the second part, the author puts forward some suggestions to solve this dilemma in combination with the concrete case judgment.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D90-051

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