民间法的法源地位及其司法适用研究

发布时间：2018-02-26 23:13

本文关键词： 习惯法民间法国家法法源司法适用　出处：《西南交通大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：民间法的研究在法学界历来备受关注。从法社会学家埃利希的“活法”,到我国学者提出的“知识传统说”、“本土资源说”以及“行为规则说”,都代表着民间法研究的不断发展和进步。但是,民间法的概念界定,其法源地位,其司法适用问题,仍然处于热议之中,值得我们进一步探讨。笔者认为,所谓民间法,是与国家法相对应的,具有规范性、强制性和相对普遍性等法的基本特征,具有地域性、有效性和历史传承性等个性特征的,在一定地域或团体、行业内实际调整人与人之间权利和义务关系,但未被国家制定法认可的行为规范。乡规民约、行业规章、宗教规范和少数民族习惯等是民间法的主要表现形式。民间法在人们的现实生活中具有重要意义,它是调整乡土社会秩序的行为规则,是国家法的重要补充规则,也是沟通外来法律与本土资源的桥梁。但民间法由于其自身的局限性以及观念、制度上的限制,其法源地位一直未得到国家制定法的认可,司法适用现状也不尽如人意。但是,在能动司法、和谐司法的背景下,认可民间法的地位和价值,发挥民间法对司法实践的积极作用势在必行。民间法与国家法在文化、价值上的同源性以及现行立法均为民间法的司法适用提供了可能。笔者从民间法概念分析入手,进而论证民间法的法源地位,认为民间法在我国恰当的地位是充当补充性的法律渊源。在分析民间法司法适用现状的基础上,找出导致民间法司法适用困境的主要原因,最后提出民间法的正式司法适用,并为民间法的司法适用提出了条件要求以及有效的形式。本文以比较研究的方法为主,兼用历史研究法和法社会学研究的方法,对民间法的概念、法源地位及其司法适用等主要问题进行了探讨。本文主要内容包括五章。作为第一章的绪论,分析了选题背景、研究意义以及本文的主要研究方法。第二章主要阐释民间法的概念,从学界主要学说到民间法的特征、主要表现形式、与相关概念关系的分析,得出笔者的观点,认为民间法是与国家法相对应的,具有规范性、强制性和相对普遍性等法的基本特征,具有地域性、有效性和历史传承性等个性特征的,在一定地域或团体、行业内实际调整人与人之间权利和义务关系,但未被国家制定法认可的行为规范。第三章对民间法的法源地位及其作为法源的价值进行分析论述,提出民间法适宜充当补充性的法律渊源。第四章和第五章主要研究民间法的司法适用问题,从现状及困境出发,探索出民间法司法适用的可能性、基本条件以及有效形式。
[Abstract]:The study of folk law has always received much attention in the field of law. From "living Law" by legal sociologist Erlich, to the "tradition of knowledge", "theory of local resources" and "theory of rules of conduct" proposed by Chinese scholars, they all represent the study of folk law. But, The definition of the concept of folk law, its legal source status and its judicial application are still under heated discussion, which is worthy of further discussion. The author believes that the so-called folk law is corresponding to the national law and has a normative character. Where the basic characteristics of compulsory and relatively universal laws, such as regional, effective and historical characteristics, are such as regional, effective and historical, the relations of rights and obligations between people are actually adjusted in a certain region or group, within the industry, However, the norms of conduct not recognized by the state law are the main forms of folk law, such as rural regulations, trade regulations, religious norms and customs of ethnic minorities. Folk law is of great significance in people's real life. It is the behavior rule that adjusts the local society order, is the important supplementary rule of the national law, also is the bridge between the foreign law and the native resources. But the folk law because of its own limitation and the concept, the system limit, The status of its source of law has not been recognized by the state, and the current situation of judicial application is not satisfactory. However, in the context of active justice and harmonious justice, the status and value of civil law is recognized. It is imperative to give full play to the positive role of folk law in judicial practice. The homology of folk law and national law in culture, value and current legislation all provide the possibility for the judicial application of folk law. Furthermore, the author argues that the proper position of folk law in our country is to act as a supplementary source of law. On the basis of analyzing the current situation of judicial application of folk law, the main reasons leading to the dilemma of judicial application of folk law are found out. Finally, it puts forward the formal judicial application of the folk law, and puts forward the conditions and effective forms for the judicial application of the folk law. In this paper, the concept of folk law is mainly studied by the method of comparative study, and by the methods of historical research and sociology of law. The main contents of this paper include five chapters. As the introduction of the first chapter, this paper analyzes the background of the topic. The second chapter mainly explains the concept of folk law, from the main academic theory to the characteristics of folk law, the main forms of expression, and the analysis of the relationship between the relevant concepts, the author's point of view, It is believed that the folk law is corresponding to the national law and has the basic characteristics of normative, compulsory and relative universal law, and has regional, effective, historical and other personality characteristics, in a certain region or group. The third chapter analyzes the legal status of folk law and its value as a source of law. Chapter 4th and Chapter 5th mainly study the judicial application of folk law, and explore the possibility, basic conditions and effective form of the judicial application of folk law from the point of view of the present situation and predicament.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D90;D926

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