伯尔曼法律与革命思想研究

发布时间：2018-03-06 01:35

本文选题：法律　切入点：革命　出处：《北方工业大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：伯尔曼毕生心血凝聚成了“法律与革命”思想。该思想全面梳理了西方法律传统的发展史,极富创建性的发现了西方的法律传统与六次大革命息息相关。六次革命分别是教皇革命、德国革命、英国革命、法国革命、美国革命和俄国革命,每一次大革命都导致了西方法律传统的重大变革和发展。教皇革命促成了“王权与教权”的分立,为西方的宪政打下了坚实的基础。德国革命使王室权力大大提高,并颁布了非常重要的《卡罗林纳法典》,确立了很多现代西方广泛采用的刑法原则。英国革命之后普通法法院战胜了其他法院,这对保护民众的利益有着重大意义,在民法、刑法等领域也确立了一系列的重要规则。法国革命颁布的《人权宣言》、《法国民法典》更是对整个西方世界都起到了广泛的影响。美国革命颁布了《独立宣言》,并确立了一系列独创的宪法原则,如著名的司法审查制度。俄国革命彻底推翻了封建沙皇的统治,并颁布了社会主义法律。在这些重大革命的过程中宗教起到了举足轻重的作用,因为宗教是西方文明的基础,法律的渊源,革命的引线。当今社会西方法律信仰的丧失也正是由于宗教衰落所致。伯尔曼作为一个虔诚的基督徒,深感宗教衰落的危机,因此希望他的“法律与革命”思想能够重塑宗教和信仰的重要地位。虽然伯尔曼思想中宗教的因素被夸大,但是仍然有很多值得当代中国借鉴的地方。中国改革开放以来,“改革开放”这一重大“革命”对法律也起到了至关重要的影响。当代中国在权力制衡、法律传统、法律信仰等多方面都急需完善,以达到全面彻底的“依法治国”。
[Abstract]:Berman's life-long work condensed into the thought of "law and revolution", which comprehensively combed the history of the western legal tradition. It is very creative to find that the legal tradition of the West is closely related to the six revolutions. The six revolutions are the Pope's Revolution, the German Revolution, the British Revolution, the French Revolution, the American Revolution and the Russian Revolution. Each revolution led to major changes and developments in the western legal tradition. The papal revolution led to the separation of "Wang Quan from religious power" and laid a solid foundation for Western constitutionalism. The German Revolution greatly enhanced the power of the royal family. And promulgated the very important Carolina Code, which established many of the principles of criminal law widely used in the modern West. After the British Revolution, the common law courts prevailed over other courts, which was of great significance for the protection of the interests of the people, in civil law, Criminal law and other fields have also established a series of important rules. The French Revolution promulgated the Declaration of Human Rights, the French Civil Code has played a wide impact on the entire Western world. The American Revolution promulgated the Declaration of Independence, and. Established a series of original constitutional principles, For example, the famous system of judicial review. The Russian revolution completely overthrew the rule of the feudal czar and promulgated socialist laws. In the course of these major revolutions, religion played an important role, because religion was the foundation of Western civilization. The origin of law, the fuse of revolution. The loss of legal belief in the West today is also caused by the decline of religion. Berman, as a devout Christian, is deeply aware of the crisis of religious decline. It is hoped, therefore, that his "law and revolution" ideology will restore the importance of religion and belief, although the religious elements of Berman's thought are exaggerated. However, there are still many areas that China can learn from. Since China's reform and opening up, the great "revolution" of "reform and opening up" has also played a vital role in the law. Contemporary China is in the checks and balances of power, the legal tradition, Legal belief and other aspects are in urgent need of improvement, in order to achieve a comprehensive and thorough "rule of law."
【学位授予单位】：北方工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D909

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