论第十六议定书对欧盟法律自治权的影响

发布时间：2018-03-14 11:22

本文选题：欧洲人权保护一体化　切入点：欧盟第2/13号意见书　出处：《郑州大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：欧洲人权保护一体化,亦即欧盟加入《欧洲人权公约》并形成相互式影响并促其二者共同发展。欧盟作为一个独立整体已经成为国际舞台上的重要一员,并且深以其日臻完善的人权保护政策为骄傲。尊重并保护欧盟各成员国公民的基本权利和自由是欧盟得以组成的一个重要条件。而《欧洲人权公约》的人权保护机制为欧洲公民提供了一套最为基础的权利与自由的保护方案。但截至目前,欧盟并未加入任何一个人权组织包括《欧洲人权公约》,这严重影响了欧盟人权保护方面的国际信用度;并且,欧盟公民对于欧盟法律的人权侵权行为不能寻求外部救济。这也是欧盟亟待加入《欧洲人权公约》的迫切所在。因此,欧盟加入《欧洲人权公约》对欧盟公民的人权保护来说将会产生颇为重要的积极影响。即使欧洲人权保护一体化具有一定的迫切性和必要性,但其发展进程却伴随着很多坎坷。《欧洲人权公约》第十六议定书的核心内容是建立意见咨询机制,意在建立欧洲人权法院与各缔约国法院间的沟通与联系,并在一定程度上减轻欧洲人权法院的案件压力。但欧盟法院对欧洲人权保护一体化协议草案是否与欧盟基础条约相兼容进行了审查,并在其2/13意见书中认为,《欧洲人权公约》第十六议定书中的意见咨询机制与欧盟法律内部的初步裁决机制相似,且将会对后者的有效性产生危害;另外,欧盟法院认为欧洲人权法院可借意见咨询机制之机对欧盟法律进行解释,将会影响欧盟法律的一致性和完整性。因此其认为《欧洲人权公约》第十六议定书将会对欧盟法律的自治权产生威胁。对比意见咨询机制和初步裁决机制发现,二者只是在形式上有些许相似之处,但是其在申请主体、设立目的、法律效力和自由裁量空间等实质内容上皆有实质性的不同。欧盟法院夸大了意见咨询机制与初步裁决机制之间的相似性,两机制间的竞争或平行关系从实际适用上来说是不成立的。欧盟法院在2/13意见书中忽视了《欧洲人权公约》司法体系中对欧盟及其成员国的边界划分,而且欧盟法院也忽视了欧洲人权一体化协议草案中已经建立的共同被告制度与先期审查程序对欧盟法律自治权的保护。因此,《欧洲人权公约》第十六议定书没有对欧盟法律的自治权产生威胁,相反将会是对欧盟人权保护的一种司法救济性措施,对欧盟各成员国公民作为基本的权利与自由提供保护。
[Abstract]:The European Integration of the Protection of Human Rights, that is, the EU's accession to the European Convention on Human Rights and its mutual influence and mutual development, the EU as an independent whole has become an important member in the international arena. Respect for and protection of the fundamental rights and freedoms of the citizens of the member states of the European Union is an important condition for the formation of the European Union. The protection of human rights under the European Convention on Human Rights. The mechanism provides European citizens with the most fundamental protection of their rights and freedoms. But so far, The European Union has not joined any human rights organization, including the European Convention on Human Rights, which seriously affects the international credibility of the European Union in the field of human rights protection; and, EU citizens cannot seek external remedies for human rights violations under EU law. This is also an urgent need for the EU to join the European Convention on Human Rights. EU accession to the European Convention on Human Rights will have an important positive impact on the protection of human rights of EU citizens, even though the integration of European human rights protection is of a certain urgency and necessity. However, its development has been accompanied by many setbacks. The core content of the 16th Protocol to the European Convention on Human Rights is the establishment of an opinion advisory mechanism aimed at establishing communication and communication between the European Court of Human Rights and the courts of the States parties. And to some extent alleviate the pressure on the European Court of Human Rights. But the European Court of Justice has examined whether the draft European Agreement on the Integration of Human Rights Protection is compatible with the basic treaties of the European Union. In its opinion No. 2/13, the opinion consultation mechanism in the 16th Protocol to the European Convention on Human Rights is similar to the preliminary adjudication mechanism within EU law and will endanger the effectiveness of the latter. The European Court of Justice considered that the European Court of Human Rights could take the opportunity of the opinion advisory mechanism to interpret EU law, It believes that Protocol 16th to the European Convention on Human Rights will pose a threat to the autonomy of EU law. There are only some similarities in form between the two, but their purpose in the subject of the application, the purpose of the establishment, There are substantial differences in substance between legal effectiveness and discretionary space. The European Court of Justice exaggerates the similarities between the opinion advisory mechanism and the preliminary adjudication mechanism. Competition or parallel relations between the two mechanisms are untenable in practical terms. In its 2/13 opinion, the Court of Justice of the European Union ignored the demarcation of the borders of the EU and its member States in the judicial system of the European Convention on Human Rights. Moreover, the Court of Justice of the European Union has also neglected the protection of the right of autonomy of the European Union by the system of co-defendants already established in the draft European Agreement on Human Rights Integration and the pre-review procedure. Therefore, the 16th Protocol to the European Convention on Human Rights does not. Threatening the autonomy of EU law, On the contrary, it will be a kind of judicial remedy for the protection of human rights in the EU, which will protect the citizens of EU member states as basic rights and freedoms.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D95;DD912.7

【相似文献】