日本农业接班人危机的现状、应对措施及其经验

发布时间：2018-04-09 05:05

  本文选题：日本　切入点：农业接班人　出处：《世界农业》2017年08期

【摘要】：从20世纪60年代开始,日本就进入了老龄化社会。此后,随着工业化、城镇化的快速发展,农业劳动力大量进入非农部门,导致了农村、农业的空心化。这些因素的累积,使得农业劳动力的全面老龄化以及主业农户数量的不断减少,日本农业接班人危机日渐凸显。为此,日本政府在过去的50多年时间内,采取了多项应对措施,如不断明确更新农业接班人的内涵;积极培育新型农业生产经营体,推进家族型、村落型、法人型经营体的发展;修订《农地法》,引入非农业法人企业参与农业经营;通过政策引导积极培育自然人农业接班人。这些措施的开展,使得日本农业接班人危机问题有所减缓,但有些政策实施较晚成效尚未凸显。日本政府应对农业接班人危机的举措值得中国借鉴,中国政府需要明确农业接班人的内涵,明确农业接班人的动态性和层次性,积极培育自然人农业接班人等,以减缓中国农业未来接班人的危机。
[Abstract]:Since the 1960 s, Japan has entered an aging society.Since then, with the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization, the agricultural labor force has entered the non-agricultural sector in large numbers, resulting in the hollowing of the countryside and agriculture.With the accumulation of these factors, the total aging of agricultural labor force and the decrease of the number of main farmers, the crisis of Japanese agricultural successors is becoming more and more prominent.For this reason, the Japanese government has taken a number of measures in the past 50 years, such as constantly updating the connotation of agricultural successors, actively cultivating new types of agricultural production and management, promoting family-type and village-type,The development of the legal person type management; the revision of the Agricultural Land Law, the introduction of non-agricultural legal person enterprises to participate in agricultural management, and the active cultivation of natural person agricultural successors through policy guidance.These measures have eased the crisis of Japan's agricultural successors, but some of the policies have not yet been implemented.The Japanese government's response to the crisis of agricultural successors is worthy of China's reference. The Chinese government needs to clarify the connotation of agricultural successors, clarify the dynamic and hierarchical nature of agricultural successors, and actively cultivate natural agricultural successors, etc.To ease the crisis of China's future agricultural successors.
【作者单位】： 广东技术师范学院管理学院;
【分类号】：D931.3;DD912.4;F331.3
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本文编号：1724957