麦考密克法律推理思想研究

发布时间：2018-04-10 03:05

本文选题：演绎证立　切入点：疑难案件　出处：《新疆大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：英国著名法理学学者麦考密克认为,任何的法律问题都不止一种解决方式,根据案件具体情况的不同会依据不同的裁判规则,这样就会产生和它相对应的不同的法律结果。但是,在今天的法治之下,法律的确定性也发生了变化,成了一种可以论辩的法律确定性。为寻找出确定的法律适用,麦考密克在哈特法律推理思想基础上从司法实践着手,在大量案件标本的基础上提出了简易案件与疑难案件的区别标准,并创新性的构建出法律推理思想理论大厦。麦考密克在简易案件与疑难案件上的区分标准是他构建法律推理论证结构理论框架的前提。其法律推理思想路径主要分为两条:第一条法律推理思想路径为简易案件与演绎推理;通过丹尼尔斯诉R怀特柠檬汁生产商案件,提出了演绎推理适用的三点条件及适用范围,清晰的展现简易案件的论证模式,并且这也是在司法实践中应用最广泛的一种论证逻辑。但其适用存在前提基础性理由无法解释、解释问题、相关性问题以及事实分类问题等方面的局限;这也就诞生了第二条法律推理思想路径:疑难案件与二阶证立;这是解决法官在疑难案件审判中对规则如何进行取舍的重要问题,通过对构成三要素后果主义论辩、协调性要求和一致性要求以及三要素之间存在的关系详尽展现麦考密克提出的二阶证立理论。不同案件类型—从简易案件到疑难案件;不同法律推理理论—从演绎证立到二阶证立,共同构建起一个完整的、有层次的思维论证路径。通过从以上方面的阐述和分析,大胆反思这一思想存在的法官自由裁量权问题、法律推理的保守性与创造性矛盾等方面的问题,并探索和思考随着经济社会的转型,各种疑难案件层出不穷,一种较为成熟的法律推理理论能为现存疑难案件的解决提供理论指导意义,对当前我国司法制度改革及现代法治化建设都会产生重大影响。
[Abstract]:According to McCormick, a famous British jurist, there is more than one way to solve any legal problem, and according to the specific circumstances of the case, it will be based on different rules of adjudication, which will produce different legal results corresponding to it.However, under the rule of law today, legal certainty has also changed and become a kind of legal certainty that can be argued.In order to find out the applicable law, McCormick started from judicial practice on the basis of Hart's theory of legal reasoning. On the basis of a large number of case specimens, McCormick put forward the distinction standard between simple cases and difficult cases.And creatively constructs the legal reasoning thought theory edifice.McCormick's distinguishing standard between simple cases and difficult cases is the premise of constructing the theoretical framework of legal reasoning and argumentation structure.The thought path of legal reasoning is mainly divided into two parts: the first one is simple case and deductive reasoning, and through Daniels v. R White Lemon Juice producer case, the author puts forward three conditions and scope of application of deductive reasoning.It clearly shows the demonstration mode of simple cases, and it is the most widely used argumentation logic in judicial practice.However, there are some limitations in its application, such as that the basic reason cannot be explained, the problem of explanation, the problem of relevance and the problem of classification of facts, and so on, which leads to the birth of the second ideological path of legal reasoning: difficult cases and second order evidence.This is an important problem to solve the problem of how to choose and choose rules in the trial of difficult cases.The coordination requirement, consistency requirement and the relationship between the three elements show McCormick's second order theory in detail.Different types of cases-from simple cases to difficult cases; different legal reasoning theories-from deductive evidence to second-order proof, together to construct a complete, hierarchical thinking demonstration path.Through expounding and analyzing from the above aspects, we can reflect on the problems of the discretion of judges, the contradiction between the conservatism and creativity of legal reasoning and so on, and explore and think about it with the transformation of economy and society.Various difficult cases emerge in endlessly. A more mature theory of legal reasoning can provide theoretical guidance for the solution of existing difficult cases, and will have a significant impact on the current reform of the judicial system and the construction of modern rule of law in our country.
【学位授予单位】：新疆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D90-051

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