春秋决狱与汉代法制

发布时间：2018-05-01 07:17

本文选题：汉代法制 + 春秋决狱　；参考：《天津师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：在经过了夏、商、周,又走过了春秋战国以及秦朝之后,中国历史进入了西汉时期,在这一时期,法律与社会道德相互冲突,为了解决这种冲突,儒家学派的董仲舒提出了春秋决狱,将儒家倡导的道德融入法律之中,不仅进一步的将儒家思想渗透到民众的思想意识里,而且还满足了统治者的统治需要,这是顺应历史发展的大潮流,符合当时社会要求的。春秋决狱,又被称为经义决狱,是汉代时期的一种断案方式,是指当时的官吏依据儒家的经典著作《春秋》以及其他儒家经典的主要精神和相关记载来处理司法问题,它的主要原则是“亲亲得相首匿”与“原心定罪”,也就是“亲属间应该互相帮助隐匿罪行”与“依据行为人的行为时的心里善恶来定罪”的意思。对于春秋决狱,法学界的评价可谓褒贬不一,有肯定也有否定,它引道德入法虽然是顺应历史发展的,但也存在着一定的弊端,例如,导致后来道德一直干扰法律的公平、公正。在一定程度上春秋决狱与汉朝法律中的“比”有着相似处,对法律具有补充作用,也对断案者的审判有指导作用。它对汉代以及后世的影响是不可忽视的,促使了法律儒家化,赋予了断案者一定的自由裁量权,并且重视依据犯罪行为人的主观心理的善恶来定罪,最不容忽略的是它给予了我们很多法律启示,对于我们的法治建设具有很重要的意义。
[Abstract]:After summer, Shang, Zhou, Spring and Autumn and warring States, and Qin Dynasty, Chinese history entered the Western Han Dynasty, during which law and social morality conflicted, in order to resolve this conflict. Dong Zhongshu of the Confucian School proposed the Spring and Autumn period decision to integrate the Confucian morality into the law, which not only further infiltrated the Confucian ideology into the people's ideological consciousness, but also satisfied the ruling needs of the rulers. This is in line with the great trend of historical development, in line with the requirements of society at that time. The decision of the Spring and Autumn period, also known as Jingyi, is a way of handling cases in the Han Dynasty. It means that officials at that time dealt with judicial issues according to the main spirit and relevant records of the Confucian classics "Spring and Autumn" and other Confucian classics. Its main principle is that "the relatives should help each other to conceal the crime" and "the conviction of the original heart" and "according to the good and evil in the heart of the behavior of the perpetrator". For the Chunqiu prison decision, the evaluation of the law circles can be described as mixed, positive and negative. Although the introduction of morality into the law conforms to the historical development, it also has some drawbacks. For example, it has led to the subsequent moral interference with the fairness of the law. Justice. To a certain extent, the decision of prison in the Spring and Autumn period is similar to the "Bi" in the law of the Han Dynasty, which is complementary to the law and has a guiding role in the trial of the adjudicators. Its influence on the Han Dynasty and later generations can not be ignored, it promotes the Confucianization of the law, endows the adjudicators with certain discretion, and attaches importance to the conviction based on the subjective psychological good and evil of the perpetrators. The most important thing is that it gives us a lot of legal enlightenment, which is of great significance to the construction of our rule of law.
【学位授予单位】：天津师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D929;D924

【参考文献】