战后联邦主义在美国加州的实践

发布时间：2018-05-26 21:46

本文选题：联邦主义 + 联邦制　；参考：《暨南大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：联邦制作为国家的结构形式，宪法分别赋予联邦和州权力。美国是当今最典型的联邦制国家，联邦制作为美国的基本政治制度之一，与三权分立相辅相成。加州，尤其战后以来，得益于第三次科技革命的兴起，世界经济的复苏，，加州凭借其自身优势和不断追求创新的精神，在高新技术产业领域一直占据着全国，乃至全世界的领先位置，使得经济实力进一步增强。加州成为美国最有实力的州，在国内的贡献与影响之大不可低估。与此同时，加州在联邦的政治影响力也不断上升，能够在联邦政府的决策中扮演重要角色。因此本文的创新点之一是研究联邦主义在一个具体的州—加州的实践情况。21世纪以来，环保问题越来越受到世界的重视，加州一直走在联邦前面，并推动联邦在这方面的立法。长期困扰美国政府的非法移民问题，联邦的移民政策对加州的影响更甚于其他各州。经济一直领先的加州，经历了2008年金融危机后，濒临破产，不得不向联邦政府求助。本文从这三个涉及联邦与加州的案例入手，对这三个案例进行分析、对比和研究，探讨出联邦与加州的关系。联邦主义在加州更多的是体现出合作联邦主义的特点，他们在想法一致的领域加强合作，在有分歧的领域各施其职。分析评价联邦主义在加州的实践，对研究美国的联邦主义和联邦政府与州政府关系有一定的借鉴意义。
[Abstract]:Federalism, as the structural form of the state, gives federal and state powers respectively. The United States is the most typical federal country. As one of the basic political systems of the United States, the federal system complements the separation of powers. California, especially since the war, thanks to the rise of the third science and technology revolution and the recovery of the world economy, California has been occupying the country in the field of high-tech industries by virtue of its own advantages and the spirit of continuous pursuit of innovation. Even the world's leading position, so that economic strength further enhanced. California has become the most powerful state in the United States, and its contribution and influence cannot be underestimated. At the same time, California's growing political influence in the federal government can play a major role in decision-making. Therefore, one of the innovations of this paper is to study the practice of federalism in a specific state-California. Since the 21st century, environmental protection issues have been paid more and more attention by the world. California has always been ahead of the Federation and promoted the federal legislation in this respect. Federal immigration policies have had a greater impact on California than on other states, the problem of illegal immigration that has long plagued the U.S. government. California, the state's economic leader, faced bankruptcy after the 2008 financial crisis and had to turn to the federal government for help. This paper analyzes, compares and studies the three cases of federal and California, and discusses the relationship between the federal and California. Federalism is more of a collaborative federalism in California, where they work more closely in areas where they think differently. Analyzing and evaluating the practice of federalism in California is helpful to the study of federalism and the relationship between federal government and state government.
【学位授予单位】：暨南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D971.2

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