我国遗体处理权利问题研究

发布时间：2018-06-07 01:35

本文选题：遗体 + 权利　；参考：《广州大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：在我国的现实生活中,以“抢尸体”为典型代表的遗体处分纠纷案件呈现出常见、多发的趋势。归咎这种趋势产生的根本原因,是目前我国在遗体处理问题上缺乏科学合理的法定依据,使处理遗体权利主体的优先性排序制度出现了问题。遗体处理权利行使依据上的先天不足也就直接导致了各方社会主体在遗体处理问题上容易产生矛盾。这些矛盾因为遗体自身带有的明显的道德伦理特点,更加容易抓住民众的眼球。社会对这些矛盾的高度关注也直接促使了这些矛盾的爆发具有了井喷式的特点。因此遗体的伦理道德特质决定了我国在对遗体的处理问题上既需要注重法律制度的建设与改良,同时也要着重关注社会伦理道德规范对该问题的影响。在遗体处理问题上如果无法将法治理念与伦理观念结合并用于指导实践,是无法妥善处理好遗体处理问题的。所以务必先通过对遗体及相关处理权利进行剖析,再结合社会实践需要,才可能构建出科学合理并且具有实践指导意义的安排遗体处理权利的制度。论文共分五章。第一章绪论通过对研究课题的学术背景、国内外相关理论研究的梳理,聚焦目前理论界与实务界对遗体处理相关研究,并以此作为本课题研究的来源及研究内容。第二章我国遗体处理问题的权利冲突本章主要针对我国目前在遗体处理问题上最常见的几种冲突类型进行研究。包括国家意志与遗属意愿的冲突、死者意思表示与遗属意愿的冲突以及两种实践中最常见的特殊类型遗体在处理过程中的冲突。第三章我国遗体处理制度剖析本章首先通过对四种现实中最常见、多发的原因而导致死亡的个案处理流程进行了分析。并通过对不同流程中出现的问题进行分析,探寻出这些问题产生的原因是因为对遗体处理权利在理论层面上的认识不足以满足现实需要。第四章关于遗体处理权利的理论分析本章通过对遗体处理权利的属性进行理论上的分析研究,对遗体处理权利的属性进行理性思考,认为其应属于管理权与特定用途使用权的结合。再通过分析遗体处理权利主体及其权利来源,以及列举遗体处理权利的实现方式,为第五章讨论遗体处理权利主体优先性的排序及制度完善提供理论支撑。第五章遗体处理权利的合理分配及制度完善本章主要由两部份构成。第一部份是通过前文的理论研究,对遗体处理权利主体的优先性进行科学的排序。第二部份是根据前文对目前我国相关制度的研究结果,提出更为科学的制度构建建议。
[Abstract]:In the real life of our country, the dispute cases of the disposal of the remains represented by "body snatching" show a common and frequent trend. The root cause of this trend is the lack of scientific and reasonable legal basis for the disposal of remains in our country at present, which makes the priority system of the subject of dealing with the remains appear problems. The inherent deficiency of the exercise basis of the right to deal with remains leads directly to contradictions between the various social subjects in dealing with the remains. These contradictions make it easier to catch the eyes of the people because of the obvious moral and ethical characteristics of the remains themselves. The high attention of society to these contradictions also directly promotes the explosion of these contradictions with blowout characteristics. Therefore, the ethical and moral characteristics of remains determine that China should not only pay attention to the construction and improvement of legal system, but also pay attention to the influence of social ethics and moral norms on the treatment of remains. If the concept of rule of law and ethics can not be combined and used to guide the practice, it is impossible to deal with the problem of remains disposal properly. Therefore, we must first analyze the remains and related rights, and then combine with the needs of social practice, in order to establish a scientific and reasonable and practical guidance to arrange the system of the right to dispose of remains. The thesis is divided into five chapters. Chapter one introduction Through the academic background of the research topic and the relevant theoretical research at home and abroad, focusing on the current theoretical and practical circles of the remains of the relevant research, and as the source of this topic and research content. Chapter II conflict of Rights on the disposal of remains in China This chapter focuses on the most common types of conflicts in the treatment of remains in China. It includes the conflict between the will of the state and the will of the survivors, the conflict between the expression of the will of the deceased and the will of the surviving family, and the conflict between the two most common special types of remains in the course of treatment. Chapter III Analysis of the system of remains disposal in China In this chapter, we first analyze the process of death caused by the most common and frequent causes of death in four kinds of reality. Through the analysis of the problems in different processes, it is found that the reason for these problems is that the theoretical understanding of the right to dispose of remains is not enough to meet the practical needs. Chapter IV: theoretical Analysis of the right to dispose of remains Through the theoretical analysis and study on the attributes of the right to dispose of remains, this chapter makes a rational thinking on the attributes of the right to dispose of remains, and thinks that it should belong to the combination of the right of management and the right to use a specific purpose. Through analyzing the subject of the right and the source of the right to deal with the remains, and enumerating the realization of the right to dispose of the remains, the fifth chapter discusses the priority of the subject of the disposal of remains and provides theoretical support for the improvement of the system. Chapter V rational allocation of the right to deal with remains and perfection of the system This chapter consists of two parts. The first part is a scientific ranking of the priority of the subject of body disposal through the previous theoretical research. The second part is based on the previous research results of relevant systems in China, put forward more scientific system construction proposals.
【学位授予单位】：广州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D920.0

【参考文献】