俄罗斯人身非财产权的研究

发布时间：2018-06-25 19:25

本文选题：俄罗斯人身非财产权 + 人格　；参考：《山东大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：人格权经历了几千年的发展,公民对个人权利的不断追求,要求人格的平等,人格权在近几百年备受关注,正是这种需求才使得近代人格权得到不断的完善,进而逐步走向成熟。在人格权的发展历程中,俄罗斯有着自己独特的发展模式,又与我国有着极深的法律渊源。苏联法学对我国从上世纪20年代就开始产生影响,这一影响在50年代达到了顶峰,但我国学者对西方发达国家的人格权进行了大量的研究,却对俄罗斯人格权的关注度较低。俄罗斯的法律属于大陆法系,在法律制度方面深受德国法的影响,所以我国法律中采纳的人格权概念,即是俄罗斯在本国民法发展和调整中的人身非财产权。在前苏联时期就提出了关于"与人身不靠可分离的非财产权"的说法,苏联解体后这种类似的概念就在《俄罗斯民法典》第2部分以人身非财产权的概念进行了论述。此论文的初衷是以研究俄罗斯人身非财产权(以下简称人格权或人身非财产权)的历史发展过程为主线,通过重点研究沙俄、苏联时期以及苏联解体后人身非财产权(人格权)的变化,对俄罗斯人身非财产权的历史发展脉络作一梳理,力争让读者可以全面了解俄罗斯人身非财产权,为之后介绍俄罗斯人身非财产权的现代化奠定基础。紧接着对俄罗斯2008年颁布的《俄罗斯民法典》中的人身非财产权的法律法规进行介绍,探究其对中国人格权法律法规现代化进程的作用。本文遵循这一基本思路展开论述。第一章从整体上介绍人格权的定义及发展。概述了人及人格的概念,以及三者逐级递进的发展关系。从最初开始知道"什么是人",发展到注重人的权利,紧接着提到了人格权概念的发展过程。在第一章的最后部分论述各国的人格权发展现状,以及因科技和经济的发展,人格权所要考虑的问题。论文的第二章主要从俄罗斯的人身非财产权的发展过程,通过翻译专业资料将俄罗斯的人身非财产权的发展线条进行整合,主要介绍沙俄时期对于公民自由权利的规定,沙俄时期的法律规定体现了对人格的尊重,但却不是真正为保护人格利益而设定的法律。关于苏联时期的人身非财产权,主要通过介绍1922年《苏俄民法典》和1964年《苏俄民法典》这两部法律关于人身非财产权的规定。最后介绍苏联解体后的人身非财产权内容,笔者结合当时的政治、经济和国际环境的背景,探讨了人身非财产权的内容的一步步变化。第三章论述当代俄罗斯人身非财产权的定义,重点介绍2008年《俄罗斯民法典》对人身非财产权的规定,对俄罗斯人身非财产权的行使以及保护。论文第四章俄罗斯人身非财产权对中国法制建设的重要作用。俄罗斯的法律对我国影响最大的时期是在苏联的时候,我们应该辨证地认识到这种影响是有积极的一面也有消极的一面。虽然苏联解体,但法律所带来的影响依然不容忽视。首先最深远的、最积极的影响是对我国法制思维方式上,使得中国公民对个人权利更加重视,人格平等的观念不断的加深。论文的结语部分简单总结俄罗斯人身非财产权的发展过程,并对我国人格权的现代化提出建议。
[Abstract]:The personality right has gone through thousands of years of development, the citizen's constant pursuit of personal rights, the equality of personality, and the attention of the personality right in the last few hundred years. It is this kind of demand that makes the modern personality right perfected and gradually mature. In the course of the development of personality right, Russia has its own unique development mode, and It has a profound legal origin with our country. The Soviet law has influenced China since the 20s of last century. This effect reached its peak in 50s. However, Chinese scholars have done a lot of research on the personality rights of western developed countries, but they have low attention to the Russian personality right. The law system is deeply influenced by the German law, so the concept of personality right adopted in China's law is the non property rights of Russia in the development and adjustment of the national law. In the former Soviet Union, the concept of "disparable non property rights with human body" was put forward in the former Soviet Union. After the disintegration of the Soviet Union, the similar concept was in the Russian people. The second part of the code is to discuss the concept of personal non property rights. The original intention of the thesis is to study the historical development process of the Russian people's body and non property rights (hereinafter referred to as personality rights or personal property rights), and to study the changes of the non property rights (personality rights) of the Russian, Soviet and Soviet Union after the study of the Russian, the Soviet Union and the Soviet Union. The historical development of Ross's body and non property rights is combed in order to let the readers understand the non property rights of the Russians in an all-round way, and to lay the foundation for the introduction of the modernization of the Russians and non property rights. The first chapter introduces the definition and development of personality right in the first chapter, outlines the concept of human and personality, as well as the progressive development relationship between the three parties. Then the development process of the concept of personality right is mentioned. The last part of the first chapter discusses the status of the development of personality rights in various countries, and the problems to be taken into consideration in the development of science and technology and economy. The second chapter of the thesis is mainly from the development process of the non property rights of the Russian people and the non wealth of Russian people through the translation of professional information. The development lines of property rights are integrated, mainly introducing the provisions of the civil liberties in the period of the tsarist Russia. The legal provisions of the tsarist Russia reflect the respect for the personality, but it is not a real law for the protection of the personal interests. The non property rights of the people in the Soviet period, mainly through the introduction of the Soviet Russian civil code and 1964, were mainly introduced in 1922. The Soviet Russian Civil Code > the two laws concerning the non property rights of the person. Finally, it introduces the content of the non property rights of the people after the disintegration of the Soviet Union. The author discusses the step by step change in the content of the non property rights of the human body according to the background of the political, economic and international environment at that time. The third chapter discusses the definition of the non property rights of the contemporary Russians, and the emphasis is on the definition of the property rights of the contemporary Russians. The article introduces the provisions of the Russian civil code in 2008, the non property rights and non property rights of the people, the exercise and protection of the non property rights of the Russians. The fourth chapter of the thesis is the important role that the Russian people are not property rights to the construction of China's legal system. The most influential period of the Russian law on our country is when the Soviet Union is in the Soviet Union, we should recognize this in a dialectical way. There is a positive and negative side effect. Although the Soviet Union is disintegrated, the influence of the law can not be ignored. First, the most far-reaching and most positive influence is to make the Chinese citizens pay more attention to personal rights and the concept of personality equality. The conclusion of the thesis is simple. Summarize the development process of Russian non personal property rights, and put forward suggestions for the modernization of personality rights in China.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D951.2;DD913

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