论网络谣言的法律治理

发布时间：2018-06-30 04:07

本文选题：网络谣言 + 网络秩序　；参考：《河南大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着网络谣言的不断发展和壮大,给我们的日常生活带来了大量的困扰,影响了我们的正常生活,并且给我们社会的正常秩序带来了负面影响,造成了社会的动荡。在香港的研究机构曾进行民意调查,让大家选出网络中最严重的现象是哪几个,结果显示网络谣言是人们最深恶痛绝的。虽然人们十分反感网络谣言,但没有深入的研究网络谣言的严重危害,以使得如今网络谣言的传播还是如此猖獗。在当今生活之中,由于网络技术的不断进步及人们在上网时所具有的虚拟性的身份、隐蔽性的特点,使网络谣言在现实生活中产生的危害性并没有得到足够的重视与治理,在社会中,网络谣言就如同流感病毒一样,一直潜伏在体内,有时发病治愈,有时短暂遏制。我们必须运用法律来制止网络谣言,才能打击这股不正之风,净化网络传播的空气。网络谣言不断传播还可能使公众个人的人身权益遭受到侵害。如果是攻击个人的网络谣言,这类谣言如果造成了传播,会使谣言对象的社会形象受到严重的影响,使网络谣言对象的人身权益受到严重的损害,也有可能使谣言对象的精神状态变得不稳定。与损害社会利益和公共利益的网络谣言相比,此类谣言虽然针对的是个体,但是由于某些传播者的传播使这类谣言传播数量太多,必然也会给社会秩序带来动荡。网络传播在给人们带来了便捷的接受消息的同时,会使言论环境变得复杂难控制,有可能会改变舆论导向,让人们在这参差不齐的网络消息中难以得到有用的消息,更可能会造成人身权益的伤害,引发社会矛盾,当前阶段亟需法律对网络谣言进行治理。本文一共分为七章：第一章是本篇论文的研究综述。第二章是网络谣言的理论阐述及其现状分析,主要从网络谣言的概念、特征和种类以及它的产生原因、现状和危害这六方面来分析网络谣言的背景,引出网络谣言为什么亟需治理。第三章从法律为信息的有序传播提供了强力保障,让法律为各方抵制网络谣言提供了依据和指南以及法律为网络秩序的稳定保驾护航三方面来说明法律治理网络谣言的必要性,指出只有治理好网络谣言,社会才能更和谐有序的发展。第四章是法律对网络谣言制裁的罪名体系,这部分主要介绍了可以制裁传播网络谣言的罪名有哪些,并且这些罪名体系的制裁范围,结合了刑法具体举例说明。第五章是国外网络谣言的治理对我国的启示,通过对比国外政府和民众运用法律治理网络谣言的手段来说明我国治理网络谣言还有很大的进步空间,我们应该学习国外治理网络谣言的方法,比如各国在网络管理中都非常重视行业的自律和社会监督的作用,加强对网络非法言论等信息的管控。与政府机构依职权进行行政管理比较,社会监督无时无刻无处不在、不用投入过多的资金、便于网民自律等特点,使申请和投诉的方式更具针对性。第六章是法律治理网络谣言的不足之处及可行性建议,主要从制裁网络谣言的不足之处也是从法律无法有效填补快速的信息发布平台,法律对“从众”心理发布谣言的制裁有局限性以及制裁网络谣言传播的罪名在法定刑配置方面的不合理三方面来详细说明。可行性建议主要写了四种：法律督促网络媒介监管机制完善,加大网络执法力度,做好网民法律普及,不断提高公众素质和完善互联网法律体系,同时也提出运用法律进行制裁要谨慎,必须严格执行统一的立案标准,避免冤假错案,而且治理网络谣言能够有章可循,不影响言论的自由,以及明确网络谣言立法加以规制,严格对网络谣言犯罪进行认定和合理调整刑事追责限度的范围。通过这几章的内容说明了网络谣言的严重性不可以忽视,而且有些网络谣言已经深深的危害了公民的个人利益,社会的公共利益和经济利益,对我国的社会稳定造成了影响,治理网络谣言势在必行,到现实的今天,几乎任何一次社会秩序动荡的背后,都隐藏着网络谣言的影响。公民应该普及好法律知识,用法律武器来维护自己的权益,而政府也应该运用好法律武器,维护社会良好的秩序。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development and expansion of the Internet rumor, it has brought a lot of trouble to our daily life, affected our normal life, and brought negative influence to the normal order of our society, which caused social turbulence. In Hongkong research institutions have conducted public opinion polls to select the most serious phenomenon in the network. A few, the results show that the Internet rumor is the most abhorrent. Although people are very disgusted with the Internet rumors, but there is no in-depth study of the serious harm of Internet rumors, so that the spread of Internet rumors is so rampant. In today's life, because of the continuous progress of network technology and the deficiency of people on the Internet. In the society, the network rumor is like the flu virus, which has been latent in the body, sometimes cured, and sometimes briefly contained. We must use the law to stop the Internet rumor. If it is to attack personal Internet rumors, if the rumor is spread, the social image of the rumor will be seriously affected and the personal rights and interests of the Internet rumor are severely affected. Heavy damage can also make the mental state of the rumor become unstable. Compared with the network rumors that damage the social and public interests, this kind of rumor is aimed at individuals, but because the spread of some communicators makes this kind of rumors spread too much, it will inevitably bring turbulence to the social order. Network communication is given to people. At the same time, they bring the convenient message, and make the speech environment complicated and difficult to control. It may change the guidance of public opinion, make people difficult to get useful information in the uneven network news, more likely to harm the personal rights and interests, cause social contradictions, the current stage is urgently needed to govern the network rumor.
This article is divided into seven chapters: the first chapter is the summary of the research of this paper. The second chapter is the theory and analysis of the network rumor, mainly from the concept, characteristics and types of the network rumor, its causes, the status and the harm of the six aspects to analyze the background of the network rumor, and lead to the urgent need to govern the network rumor. The three chapter provides a strong guarantee from the law for the orderly dissemination of information. It provides the legal basis and guide for all parties to resist the network rumor and the three aspects of the law for the stability of the network order to explain the necessity of the legal governance of the network rumor. It is pointed out that only by controlling the network rumor can the society develop in a more harmonious and orderly way. The four chapter is the legal system of the punishment of the Internet rumors. This part mainly introduces the crimes that can be sanctioned to spread the network rumor, and the scope of the sanctions system, combined with the specific examples of the criminal law. The fifth chapter is the Enlightenment of the management of foreign Internet rumors to our country, by comparing the foreign government and the public transport usage. The way to govern the network rumour is to show that there is a lot of progress in managing the network rumor in our country. We should learn the methods of managing the Internet rumors abroad, such as the role of the self-discipline and social supervision of the industry in the network management, and strengthen the control of the illegal speech and other information of the network. Administrative management comparison, social supervision everywhere, not to invest too much money, easy to self-discipline and other characteristics, make the application and complaints more pertinent. The sixth chapter is the shortcomings of the legal management of network rumors and the feasibility of suggestions, mainly from the shortcomings of the network rumor is also from the law can not have To fill the rapid information release platform, the law has limitations on the sanction of the "herd" psychological release of rumors and the unreasonable three aspects of the punishment of the spread of the network rumor in the legal penalty allocation. The feasibility proposal is mainly written in four kinds: the legal supervision of the network media supervision mechanism is perfect, and the network law enforcement power is increased. Degree, do a good job of popularizing the law of the netizens, constantly improve the quality of the public and perfect the legal system of the Internet. At the same time, it also puts forward that the use of law to impose sanctions should be prudent. It is necessary to strictly enforce the unified standard of filing, avoid the false and misjudged cases, and control the freedom of the network rumor, the freedom of speech and the legislation of the network rumor. We should strictly identify and rationally adjust the scope of criminal accountability.
Through the contents of these chapters, it shows that the seriousness of the network rumor can not be ignored, and some network rumors have deeply harmed the personal interests of the citizens, the public interests and economic interests of the society have affected the social stability of our country, and it is necessary to govern the network rumors, to the reality of today, almost any social rank. Behind the preface turbulence all hide the influence of the Internet rumor. Citizens should popularize legal knowledge and use legal weapons to safeguard their rights and interests, and the government should also use good legal weapons to maintain a good social order.
【学位授予单位】：河南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D922.16;G206

【参考文献】